PUBLICATIONS

Modus Health’s StepWatch™ has been validated in over 600 peer-reviewed publications. Its superb accuracy has StepWatch™ being used as the gold standard by researchers and companies such as Google, Fitbit, and Samsung Digital Health for measuring the accuracy of their fitness monitors.

We’re also trusted by some of the most respected research institutions in the world.

You can browse our entire publications catalog below, or use this form to download a PDF copy of our publications listing.

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Accuracy Arthritis Ataxia Cancer Cerebral Palsy Charcot-Marie-Tooth Dementia Diabetes Geriatric Huntington’s Disease Inpatient Intellectual Disabilities Joint Replacement Leprosy Limb Salvage Lung Conditions Multiple Sclerosis Muscular Dystrophy Normative Obesity Orthotics Other Parkinson’s Disease Pediatrics Peripheral Artery Disease Polio Pregnancy Prosthetics Rett Syndrome Spina Bifida Spinal Cord Injury Spinal Stenosis Sports StepWatch as Criterion StepWatch Functional Level Algorithm Stroke Traumatic Brain Injury
1. Accuracy [1-59]

1. W. Stevens, Jr., F. Harlett, R. L. Wimberly, K. Tulchin-Francis. Potential limitations of measuring ambulatory activity of part-time wheelchair users: a comparative study of two research grade activity monitors. Physiol Meas 2023; 44(9).

2. H. A. Hayes, M. McFadden, L. Gerace, T. A. Brusseau. Agreement of activity monitors for assessment of patients with sub-acute stroke in an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023:1-7.

3. C. Henderson, L. P. Toth, A. Kaplan, T. G. Hornby. Step Monitor Accuracy during Poststroke Physical Therapy and Simulated Activities. American College of Sports Medicine 2022; 7(1):1-9.

4. S. Garcia Oliveira, S. Lourenco Nogueira, J. Alex Matos Ribeiro, et al. Concurrent validity and reliability of an activity monitoring for rehabilitation (AMoR) platform for step counting and sitting/lying time in post-stroke individuals. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 2022; 29(2):103-113.

5. A. Taoum, S. Chaudru, P.-Y. de Müllenheim, et al. Comparison of activity monitors accuracy in assessing intermittent outdoor walking. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2021; 53(6):1303-1314.

6. J. D. Smith, G. Guerra. Quantifying Step Count and Oxygen Consumption with Portable Technology during the 2-Min Walk Test in People with Lower Limb Amputation. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21(6).

7. A. Li, P. Shi. Research progress on wearable devices for daily human health management. Wearable Technology 2021; 2(1):82-90.

8. Z. R. Gould, J. Mora-Gonzalez, E. J. Aguiar, et al. A catalog of validity indices for step counting wearable technologies during treadmill walking: the CADENCE-Kids study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18(1):97.

9. F. R. Svarre, M. M. Jensen, J. Nielsen, M. Villumsen. The validity of activity trackers is affected by walking speed: the criterion validity of Garmin Vivosmart((R)) HR and StepWatch() 3 for measuring steps at various walking speeds under controlled conditions. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9381.

10. A. H. K. Montoye, J. Dahmen, N. Campbell, C. P. Connolly. Accuracy of Physical Activity Monitors for Steps and Calorie Measurement During Pregnancy Walking. Human Kinetics 2020; 2(3):143-156.

11. C. P. Connolly, J. Dahmen, R. D. Catena, N. Campbell, A. H. K. Montoye. Physical Activity Monitor Accuracy for Overground Walking and Free-Living Conditions Among Pregnant Women. Human Kinetics 2020; 3(2):100-109.

12. D. Witt, R. Kellogg, M. Snyder, J. Dunn. Windows Into Human Health Through Wearables Data Analytics. Curr Opin Biomed Eng 2019; 9:28-46.

13. L. P. Toth, S. Park, W. L. Pittman, et al. Effects of Brief Intermittent Walking Bouts on Step Count Accuracy of Wearable Devices. Human Kinetics 2019; 2(1):13-21.

14. L. P. Toth, S. Park, C. M. Springer, M. D. Feyerabend, J. A. Steeves, D. R. Bassett. Video-Recorded Validation of Wearable Step Counters under Free-living Conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50(6):1315-1322.

15. S. E. R. Lim, K. Ibrahim, A. A. Sayer, H. C. Roberts. Assessment of Physical Activity of Hospitalised Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22(3):377-386.

16. A. L. Hergenroeder, B. Barone Gibbs, M. P. Kotlarczyk, R. J. Kowalsky, S. Perera, J. S. Brach. Accuracy of Objective Physical Activity Monitors in Measuring Steps in Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418781126.

17. S. Gore, J. Blackwood, M. Guyette, B. Alsalaheen. Validity and Reliability of Accelerometers in Patients With COPD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2018; 38(3):147-158.

18. B. H. Dobkin, C. Martinez. Wearable Sensors to Monitor, Enable Feedback, and Measure Outcomes of Activity and Practice. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18(12):87.

19. E. S. Arch, J. M. Sions, J. Horne, B. A. Bodt. Step count accuracy of StepWatch and FitBit One among individuals with a unilateral transtibial amputation. Prosthet Orthot Int 2018; 42(5):518-526.

20. J. L. Anderson, A. J. Green, L. S. Yoward, H. K. Hall. Validity and reliability of accelerometry in identification of lying, sitting, standing or purposeful activity in adult hospital inpatients recovering from acute or critical illness: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil 2018; 32(2):233-242.

21. D. Treacy, L. Hassett, K. Schurr, S. Chagpar, S. S. Paul, C. Sherrington. Validity of Different Activity Monitors to Count Steps in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting. Phys Ther 2017; 97(5):581-588.

22. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, A. M. O’Connell, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Step-Count Accuracy of Three Motion Sensors for Older and Frail Medical Inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98(2):295-302.

23. A. K. Battenberg, S. Donohoe, N. Robertson, T. P. Schmalzried. The accuracy of personal activity monitoring devices. Seminars in Arthroplasty 2017; 28(2):71-75.

24. S. C. Webber, P. D. St John. Comparison of ActiGraph GT3X+ and StepWatch Step Count Accuracy in Geriatric Rehabilitation Patients. J Aging Phys Act 2016; 24(3):451-8.

25. L. P. Toth, D. R. Bassett, Jr., S. E. Crouter, et al. StepWatch accuracy during walking, running, and intermittent activities. Gait Posture 2016; 52:165-170.

26. M. E. O’Neil, M. Fragala-Pinkham, N. Lennon, A. George, J. Forman, S. G. Trost. Reliability and Validity of Objective Measures of Physical Activity in Youth With Cerebral Palsy Who Are Ambulatory. Phys Ther 2016; 96(1):37-45.

27. A. Hickey, D. John, J. E. Sasaki, M. Mavilia, P. Freedson. Validity of Activity Monitor Step Detection Is Related to Movement Patterns. J Phys Act Health 2016; 13(2):145-53.

28. R. Frost, S. Levati, D. McClurg, M. Brady, B. Williams. What Adherence Measures Should Be Used in Trials of Home-Based Rehabilitation Interventions? A Systematic Review of the Validity, Reliability, and Acceptability of Measures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016.

29. B. M. Sandroff, R. W. Motl, L. A. Pilutti, et al. Accuracy of StepWatch and ActiGraph accelerometers for measuring steps taken among persons with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9(4):e93511.

30. G. D. Fulk, S. A. Combs, K. A. Danks, C. D. Nirider, B. Raja, D. S. Reisman. Accuracy of 2 activity monitors in detecting steps in people with stroke and traumatic brain injury. Phys Ther 2014; 94(2):222-9.

31. D. M. Wendland, S. H. Sprigle. Activity monitor accuracy in persons using canes. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012; 49(8):1261-1268.

32. M. L. Moy, V. A. Danilack, N. A. Weston, E. Garshick. Daily step counts in a US cohort with COPD. Respir Med 2012; 106(7):962-969.

33. Y. Feito, D. R. Bassett, D. L. Thompson, B. M. Tyo. Effects of body mass index on step count accuracy of physical activity monitors. J Phys Act Health 2012; 9(4):594-600.

34. J. Downs, H. Leonard, K. Hill. Initial assessment of the StepWatch Activity Monitor to measure walking activity in Rett syndrome. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34(12):1010-1015.

35. L. W. Cindy Ng, S. Jenkins, K. Hill. Accuracy and responsiveness of the stepwatch activity monitor and ActivPAL in patients with COPD when walking with and without a rollator. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34(15):1317-1322.

36. L. J. Carr, M. T. Mahar. Accuracy of intensity and inclinometer output of three activity monitors for identification of sedentary behavior and light-intensity activity. J Obes 2012; 2012:1-9.

37. M. G. Browning. Accuracy of physical activity monitors in persons with class III obesity, in Kinesiology.  University of Tennessee: http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1280/. 2012; 1-73.

38. K. F. Bjornson, D. Yung, K. Jacques, R. L. Burr, D. Christakis. StepWatch stride counting: Accuracy, precision, and prediction of energy expenditure in children. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2012; 5(1):7-14.

39. R. J. Bergman, J. W. Spellman, M. E. Hall, S. M. Bergman. Is there a valid app for that? Validity of a free pedometer iPhone application. J Phys Act Health 2012; 9(5):670-676.

40. C. H. van Schie, E. L. Noordhof, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, A. Beelen, F. Nollet. Assessment of physical activity in people with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 92(1):e9-11.

41. A. L. Schmidt, M. L. Pennypacker, A. H. Thrush, C. I. Leiper, R. L. Craik. Validity of the StepWatch Step Activity Monitor: preliminary findings for use in persons with Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2011; 34(1):41-45.

42. D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. John. Use of pedometers and accelerometers in clinical populations: validity and reliability issues. Physical Therapy Reviews 2010; 15(3):135-142.

43. N. Mitre, L. Lanningham-Foster, R. Foster, J. A. Levine. Pedometer accuracy for children: can we recommend them for our obese population? Pediatrics 2009; 123(1):e127-131.

44. M. E. Busse, R. W. van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Real-life step and activity measurement: reliability and validity. J Med Eng Technol 2009; 33(1):33-41.

45. K. L. Storti, K. K. Pettee, J. S. Brach, J. B. Talkowski, C. R. Richardson, A. M. Kriska. Gait speed and step-count monitor accuracy in community-dwelling older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40(1):59-64.

46. R. J. Bergman, D. R. Bassett, Jr., S. Muthukrishnan, D. A. Klein. Validity of 2 devices for measuring steps taken by older adults in assisted-living facilities. J Phys Act Health 2008; 5 Suppl 1:S166-175.

47. S. Mudge, N. S. Stott, S. E. Walt. Criterion validity of the StepWatch Activity Monitor as a measure of walking activity in patients after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88(12):1710-1715.

48. M. G. Bowden, A. L. Behrman. Step Activity Monitor: accuracy and test-retest reliability in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2007; 44(3):355-362.

49. C. Warms. Physical activity measurement in persons with chronic and disabling conditions: methods, strategies, and issues. Fam Community Health 2006; 29(1 Suppl):78S-88S.

50. C. M. McDonald, L. Widman, R. T. Abresch, S. A. Walsh, D. D. Walsh. Utility of a step activity monitor for the measurement of daily ambulatory activity in children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86(4):793-801.

51. M. Karabulut, S. E. Crouter, D. R. Bassett, Jr. Comparison of two waist-mounted and two ankle-mounted electronic pedometers. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005; 95(4):335-343.

52. R. C. Foster, L. M. Lanningham-Foster, C. Manohar, et al. Precision and accuracy of an ankle-worn accelerometer-based pedometer in step counting and energy expenditure. Prev Med 2005; 41(3-4):778-783.

53. A. L. Behrman, A. R. Lawless-Dixon, S. B. Davis, et al. Locomotor training progression and outcomes after incomplete spinal cord injury. Phys Ther 2005; 85(12):1356-1371.

54. E. Haeuber, M. Shaughnessy, L. W. Forrester, K. L. Coleman, R. F. Macko. Accelerometer monitoring of home- and community-based ambulatory activity after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 85(12):1997-2001.

55. R. F. Macko, E. Haeuber, M. Shaughnessy, et al. Microprocessor-based ambulatory activity monitoring in stroke patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34(3):394-399.

56. H. Hartsell, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Brand, R. Frantz, C. Saltzman. Accuracy of a custom-designed activity monitor: implications for diabetic foot ulcer healing. J Rehabil Res Dev 2002; 39(3):395-400.

57. B. Resnick, E. S. Nahm, D. Orwig, S. S. Zimmerman, J. Magaziner. Measurement of activity in older adults: reliability and validity of the Step Activity Monitor. J Nurs Meas 2001; 9(3):275-290.

58. E. F. Shepherd, E. Toloza, C. D. McClung, T. P. Schmalzried. Step activity monitor: increased accuracy in quantifying ambulatory activity. J Orthop Res 1999; 17(5):703-708.

59. K. L. Coleman, D. G. Smith, D. A. Boone, A. W. Joseph, M. A. del Aguila. Step activity monitor: long-term, continuous recording of ambulatory function. J Rehabil Res Dev 1999; 36(1):8-18.

2. Arthritis [1-26]

1. J. Maxwell, T. Neogi, K. M. Crossley, et al. Relation of MRI‐Detected Features of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis to Pain, Performance‐Based Function, and Daily Walking: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. ACR open rheumatology 2022; 4(2):161-167.

2. H. O. Fawole, D. T. Felson, L. A. Frey-Law, et al. Is the association between physical activity and fatigue mediated by physical function or depressive symptoms in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis? The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 2021; 50(5):372-380.

3. D. Voinier, T. Neogi, J. J. Stefanik, et al. Using Cumulative Load to Explain How Body Mass Index and Daily Walking Relate to Worsening Knee Cartilage Damage Over Two Years: The MOST Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72(6):957-965.

4. M. R. Grubler, S. Gangler, A. Egli, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari. Effects of vitamin D3 on glucose metabolism in patients with severe osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind trial comparing daily 2000 IU versus 800 IU vitamin D3. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020.

5. G. Freystaetter, K. Fischer, E. J. Orav, et al. Total Serum Testosterone and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Pain and Function Among Older Men and Women With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72(11):1511-1518.

6. K. R. Vincent, T. Vasilopoulos, C. Montero, H. K. Vincent. Eccentric and Concentric Resistance Exercise Comparison for Knee Osteoarthritis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51(10):1977-1986.

7. S. V. Mathieu, K. Fischer, B. Dawson-Hughes, et al. Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women. Nutrients 2018; 10(12).

8. S. A. M. Fenton, T. Neogi, D. Dunlop, et al. Does the intensity of daily walking matter for protecting against the development of a slow gait speed in people with or at high risk of knee osteoarthritis? An observational study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26(9):1181-1189.

9. H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari, E. J. Orav, A. Egli, et al. Recovery after unilateral knee replacement due to severe osteoarthritis and progression in the contralateral knee: a randomised clinical trial comparing daily 2000 IU versus 800 IU vitamin D. RMD Open 2018; 4(2):e000678.

10. A. M. Faure, K. Fischer, B. Dawson-Hughes, A. Egli, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari. Gender-specific association between dietary acid load and total lean body mass and its dependency on protein intake in seniors. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28(12):3451-3462.

11. D. K. White, C. Tudor-Locke, Y. Zhang, et al. Prospective change in daily walking over 2 years in older adults with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis: the MOST study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24(2):246-53.

12. S. Rao, K. Douglas Gross, J. Niu, et al. Are Pressure Time Integral and Cumulative Plantar Stress Related to First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Pain? Results From a Community-Based Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016; 68(9):1232-8.

13. B. E. Oiestad, E. Quinn, D. White, et al. No Association between Daily Walking and Knee Structural Changes in People at Risk of or with Mild Knee Osteoarthritis. Prospective Data from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. The Journal of Rheumatology 2015; 42(9):1685-1693.

14. D. K. White, C. Tudor-Locke, Y. Zhang, et al. Daily walking and the risk of incident functional limitation in knee osteoarthritis: an observational study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2014; 66(9):1328-36.

15. D. K. White, C. Tudor-Locke, D. T. Felson, et al. Walking to meet physical activity guidelines in knee osteoarthritis: is 10,000 steps enough? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94(4):711-7.

16. D. K. White, C. Tudor-Locke, D. T. Felson, et al. Do radiographic disease and pain account for why people with or at high risk of knee osteoarthritis do not meet physical activity guidelines? Arthritis Rheum 2013; 65(1):139-47.

17. J. A. Wallis, K. E. Webster, P. Levinger, N. F. Taylor. What proportion of people with hip and knee osteoarthritis meet physical activity guidelines? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21(11):1648-59.

18. D. K. White, T. Neogi, Y. Zhang, et al. The association of obesity with walking independent of knee pain: the multicenter osteoarthritis study. J Obes 2012; 2012:261974.

19. D. K. White, J. J. Keysor, T. Neogi, et al. When it hurts, a positive attitude may help: association of positive affect with daily walking in knee osteoarthritis. Results from a multicenter longitudinal cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012; 64(9):1312-9.

20. A. D. Segal, J. Shofer, M. E. Hahn, M. S. Orendurff, W. R. Ledoux, B. J. Sangeorzan. Functional limitations associated with end-stage ankle arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012; 94(9):777-83.

21. M. Harris-Hayes, K. Steger-May, G. Pashos, J. C. Clohisy, H. Prather. Stride activity level in young and middle-aged adults with hip disorders. Physiother Theory Pract 2012; 28(5):333-43.

22. M. E. Hahn, E. S. Wright, A. D. Segal, M. S. Orendurff, W. R. Ledoux, B. J. Sangeorzan. Comparative gait analysis of ankle arthrodesis and arthroplasty: initial findings of a prospective study. Foot Ankle Int 2012; 33(4):282-9.

23. N. Wollmerstedt, U. Noth, A. Ince, H. Ackermann, J. M. Martell, C. Hendrich. The Daily Activity Questionnaire: a novel questionnaire to assess patient activity after total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2010; 25(3):475-480 e1-3.

24. C. C. Winter, M. Brandes, C. Muller, et al. Walking ability during daily life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or the hip and lumbar spinal stenosis: a cross sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010; 11:233.

25. M. Brandes, R. Schomaker, G. Mollenhoff, D. Rosenbaum. Quantity versus quality of gait and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis. Gait Posture 2008; 28(1):74-9.

26. J. Daniel, H. Ziaee, C. Pradhan, P. B. Pynsent, D. J. McMinn. Blood and urine metal ion levels in young and active patients after Birmingham hip resurfacing arthroplasty: Four-year results of a prospective longitudinal study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89(2):169-73.

3. Ataxia [1-5]

1. S. C. Milne, A. Murphy, N. Georgiou-Karistianis, E. M. Yiu, M. B. Delatycki, L. A. Corben. Psychometric properties of outcome measures evaluating decline in gait in cerebellar ataxia: A systematic review. Gait Posture 2018; 61:149-162.

2. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

3. J. E. Freund, D. M. Stetts. Continued recovery in an adult with cerebellar ataxia. Physiother Theory Pract 2013; 29(2):150-8.

4. S. H. Subramony, S. Kedar, E. Murray, et al. Objective home-based gait assessment in spinocerebellar ataxia. J Neurol Sci 2012; 313(1-2):95-8.

5. M. C. Fahey, L. A. Corben, V. Collins, A. J. Churchyard, M. B. Delatycki. The 25-foot walk velocity accurately measures real world ambulation in Friedreich ataxia. Neurology 2007; 68(9):705-6.

4. Cancer [1-14]

1. L. Ha, D. Mizrahi, C. E. Wakefield, R. J. Cohn, D. Simar, C. Signorelli. The Use of Activity Trackers in Interventions for Childhood Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020.

2. D. V. Runco, L. Yoon, S. A. Grooss, C. K. Wong. Nutrition & Exercise Interventions in Pediatric Patients with Brain Tumors: A Narrative Review. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2019; 2019(54):163-168.

3. A. Ranft, C. Seidel, C. Hoffmann, et al. Quality of Survivorship in a Rare Disease: Clinicofunctional Outcome and Physical Activity in an Observational Cohort Study of 618 Long-Term Survivors of Ewing Sarcoma. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35(15):1704-1712.

4. M. Gotte, C. C. Seidel, S. V. Kesting, D. Rosenbaum, J. Boos. Objectively measured versus self-reported physical activity in children and adolescents with cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12(2):e0172216.

5. V. Cavalheri, S. Jenkins, N. Cecins, et al. Exercise training for people following curative intent treatment for non-small cell lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther 2017; 21(1):58-68.

6. C. Muller, K. A. Krauth, J. Gerss, D. Rosenbaum. Physical activity and health-related quality of life in pediatric cancer patients following a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation program. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24(9):3793-802.

7. V. Cavalheri, S. Jenkins, N. Cecins, M. Phillips, L. H. Sanders, K. Hill. Patterns of sedentary behaviour and physical activity in people following curative intent treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. Chron Respir Dis 2016; 13(1):82-5.

8. N. M. Bernthal, M. Greenberg, K. Heberer, J. J. Eckardt, E. G. Fowler. What Are the Functional Outcomes of Endoprosthestic Reconstructions After Tumor Resection? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015.

9. C. Muller, C. Winter, J. Boos, et al. Effects of an exercise intervention on bone mass in pediatric bone tumor patients. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35(8):696-703.

10. K. R. Gundle, S. E. Punt, E. U. Conrad Iii. Assessment of objective ambulation in lower extremity sarcoma patients with a continuous activity monitor: rationale and validation. Sarcoma 2014; 2014:947082.

11. V. Cavalheri, S. Jenkins, N. Cecins, M. Phillips, L. Sanders, K. Hill. Patterns of sedentary behaviour and physical activity following lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer. European Respiratory Journal 2014; 44:4674.

12. C. C. Winter, C. Muller, J. Hardes, G. Gosheger, J. Boos, D. Rosenbaum. The effect of individualized exercise interventions during treatment in pediatric patients with a malignant bone tumor. Support Care Cancer 2013; 21(6):1629-36.

13. C. Winter, C. Muller, M. Brandes, et al. Level of activity in children undergoing cancer treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53(3):438-43.

14. R. H. Knols, E. D. de Bruin, G. Aufdemkampe, D. Uebelhart, N. K. Aaronson. Reliability of ambulatory walking activity in patients with hematologic malignancies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90(1):58-65.

5. Cerebral Palsy [1-44]

1. C. L. Hurd, D. Livingstone, A. Smith, J. F. Yang. Engaging the Lower Extremity via Active Therapy Early (ELEVATE) Is Feasible and May Improve Gross Motor Function in Children with Spastic Bilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Case Series. Physiother Can 2023; 75(4):311-321.

2. S. Samejima, C. D. Caskey, F. Inanici, et al. Multisite Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation for Walking and Autonomic Recovery in Motor-Incomplete Tetraplegia: A Single-Subject Design. Phys Ther 2022; 102(1).

3. M. W. Shrader, C. Church, N. Lennon, et al. Well-Being of Ambulatory Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Education, Employment, and Physical Function of a Cohort Who Received Specialized Pediatric Care. Frontiers in Neurology 2021; 12.

4. N. Lennon, C. Church, T. Shields, et al. Factors associated with walking activity in adults with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2021; 90:43-47.

5. E. E. Wentz, K. F. Bjornson, C. I. Kerfeld, N. Cicirello, A. L. Fiss. Walking Performance, Physical Activity, and Validity of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance in Young Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2020; 40(5):557-570.

6. T. A. Niiler, K. Nicholson, L. Fischer, N. Lennon. Factors influencing post-surgical variability in StepWatch data in youth with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2019; 72:234-238.

7. K. Mattern-Baxter, J. Looper, C. Zhou, K. Bjornson. Low-Intensity vs High-Intensity Home-Based Treadmill Training and Walking Attainment in Young Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019.

8. K. Bjornson, A. Fiss, L. Avery, et al. Longitudinal trajectories of physical activity and walking performance by gross motor function classification system level for children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2019:1-9.

9. S. Wittry, E. Tsao, K. Bjornson. Are clinic-based walking measures associated with community walking activity in children with cerebral palsy? J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018; 11(1):23-30.

10. J. Omura, M. Fuentes, K. Bjornson. Participation in Daily Life: Influence on Quality of Life in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy. PM R 2018; 10(11):1185-1191.

11. K. Nicholson, N. Lennon, C. Church, F. Miller. Gait Analysis Parameters and Walking Activity Pre- and Postoperatively in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(3):203-207.

12. K. F. Bjornson, N. Moreau, A. W. Bodkin. Short-burst interval treadmill training walking capacity and performance in cerebral palsy: a pilot study. Dev Neurorehabil 2018:1-8.

13. W. R. Stevens, Jr., K. Tulchin-Francis. Interval setting selection affects ambulatory activity outputs in children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2017; 57:69-73.

14. K. Nicholson, A. Weaver, A. George, R. Hulbert, C. Church, N. Lennon. Developing a Clinical Protocol for Habitual Physical Activity Monitoring in Youth With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2017; 29(1):2-7.

15. K. Nicholson, N. Lennon, R. Hulbert, C. Church, F. Miller. Pre-operative walking activity in youth with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2017; 60:77-82.

16. I. Levin, M. D. Lewek, J. Feasel, D. E. Thorpe. Gait Training With Visual Feedback and Proprioceptive Input to Reduce Gait Asymmetry in Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Case Series. Pediatr Phys Ther 2017; 29(2):138-145.

17. N. C. Wilson, S. Mudge, N. S. Stott. Variability of total step activity in children with cerebral palsy: influence of definition of a day on participant retention within the study. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:411.

18. M. E. O’Neil, M. Fragala-Pinkham, N. Lennon, A. George, J. Forman, S. G. Trost. Reliability and Validity of Objective Measures of Physical Activity in Youth With Cerebral Palsy Who Are Ambulatory. Phys Ther 2016; 96(1):37-45.

19. K. Mann, E. Tsao, K. F. Bjornson. Physical activity and walking performance: Influence on quality of life in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2016; 9(4):279-286.

20. Y. L. Kerkum, J. Harlaar, A. I. Buizer, J. C. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, M. A. Brehm. An individual approach for optimizing ankle-foot orthoses to improve mobility in children with spastic cerebral palsy walking with excessive knee flexion. Gait Posture 2016; 46:104-11.

21. A. J. Hilderley, D. Fehlings, G. W. Lee, F. V. Wright. Comparison of a robotic-assisted gait training program with a program of functional gait training for children with cerebral palsy: design and methods of a two group randomized controlled cross-over trial. Springerplus 2016; 5(1):1886.

22. K. Bjornson, C. Zhou, S. Fatone, M. Orendurff, R. Stevenson, S. Rashid. The Effect of Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Community-Based Walking in Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical Pilot Study. Pediatr Phys Ther 2016; 28(2):179-86.

23. T. A. Wren, J. W. Dryden, N. M. Mueske, S. W. Dennis, B. S. Healy, S. A. Rethlefsen. Comparison of 2 Orthotic Approaches in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2015; 27(3):218-26.

24. N. C. Wilson, N. Signal, Y. Naude, D. Taylor, N. S. Stott. Gait Deviation Index Correlates With Daily Step Activity in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 96(10):1924-7.

25. J. M. Ryan, C. Forde, J. M. Hussey, J. Gormley. Comparison of Patterns of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Between Children With Cerebral Palsy and Children With Typical Development. Phys Ther 2015; 95(12):1609-16.

26. L. Van Wely, A. J. Dallmeijer, A. C. Balemans, C. Zhou, J. G. Becher, K. F. Bjornson. Walking activity of children with cerebral palsy and children developing typically: a comparison between the Netherlands and the United States. Disabil Rehabil 2014.

27. L. Van Wely, A. C. Balemans, J. G. Becher, A. J. Dallmeijer. Physical activity stimulation program for children with cerebral palsy did not improve physical activity: a randomised trial. J Physiother 2014; 60(1):40-9.

28. P. Keawutan, K. Bell, P. S. Davies, R. N. Boyd. Systematic review of the relationship between habitual physical activity and motor capacity in children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35(6):1301-9.

29. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. D. Stevenson, D. Christakis. Relation of stride activity and participation in mobility-based life habits among children with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95(2):360-8.

30. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. Stevenson, D. Christakis, K. Song. Walking activity patterns in youth with cerebral palsy and youth developing typically. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 36(15):1279-84.

31. A. C. Balemans, L. van Wely, A. Middelweerd, J. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, A. J. Dallmeijer. Daily stride rate activity and heart rate response in children with cerebral palsy. J Rehabil Med 2014; 46(1):45-50.

32. J. F. Yang, D. Livingstone, K. Brunton, et al. Training to enhance walking in children with cerebral palsy: are we missing the window of opportunity? Semin Pediatr Neurol 2013; 20(2):106-15.

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34. S. Ishikawa, M. Kang, K. F. Bjornson, K. Song. Reliably measuring ambulatory activity levels of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94(1):132-7.

35. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. Stevenson, D. A. Christakis. Capacity to Participation in Cerebral Palsy: Evidence of an Indirect Path Via Performance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013.

36. L. Van Wely, J. G. Becher, A. C. Balemans, A. J. Dallmeijer. Ambulatory activity of children with cerebral palsy: which characteristics are important? Dev Med Child Neurol 2012.

37. S. Oftedal, K. L. Bell, L. E. Mitchell, P. S. Davies, R. S. Ware, R. N. Boyd. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of habitual physical activity measures in young children with a motor disability. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:976425.

38. J. B. Christy, C. G. Chapman, P. Murphy. The effect of intense physical therapy for children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2012; 5(3):159-70.

39. K. M. Clanchy, S. M. Tweedy, R. Boyd. Measurement of habitual physical activity performance in adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2011; 53(6):499-505.

40. K. F. Bjornson, K. Song, C. Zhou, K. Coleman, M. Myaing, S. L. Robinson. Walking stride rate patterns in children and youth. Pediatr Phys Ther 2011; 23(4):354-63.

41. L. Van Wely, J. G. Becher, H. A. Reinders-Messelink, et al. LEARN 2 MOVE 7-12 years: a randomized controlled trial on the effects of a physical activity stimulation program in children with cerebral palsy. BMC Pediatr 2010; 10:77.

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43. K. F. Bjornson, B. Belza, D. Kartin, R. Logsdon, J. McLaughlin, E. A. Thompson. The relationship of physical activity to health status and quality of life in cerebral palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2008; 20(3):247-53.

44. K. F. Bjornson, B. Belza, D. Kartin, R. Logsdon, J. F. McLaughlin. Ambulatory physical activity performance in youth with cerebral palsy and youth who are developing typically. Physical Therapy 2007; 87(3):248-57; discussion 257-260.

6. Charcot-Marie-Tooth [1-3]

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2. L. Padua, C. Pazzaglia, D. Pareyson, et al. Novel outcome measures for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: validation and reliability of the 6-min walk test and StepWatch() Activity Monitor and identification of the walking features related to higher quality of life. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23(8):1343-50.

3. G. Piscosquito, M. M. Reilly, A. Schenone, et al. Responsiveness of clinical outcome measures in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Eur J Neurol 2015; 22(12):1556-63.

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2. N. K. Oliveira, L. Santos, G. C. D. Reis, N. D. Pereira. Reliability and validity of remote Life Space Assessment: LSA in persons with chronic stroke. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82(2):1-6.

3. C. J. Brown, C. Loyd, J. T. Richardson, G. Boogaerts, Y. Zhang, R. E. Kennedy. Preliminary Validation of the Acute Care Mobility Assessment as a Measure of Hospital Mobility. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024.

4. S. Popham, M. Burq, E. E. Rainaldi, S. Shin, J. Dunn, R. Kapur. An Algorithm to Classify Real-World Ambulatory Status From a Wearable Device Using Multimodal and Demographically Diverse Data: Validation Study. JMIR Biomed Eng 2023; 8:e43726.

5. A. Miller, K. McCartney, T. Wright, D. Reisman. Predictors of non-stepping time in people with chronic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2023; 30(6):543-551.

6. N. Kowahl, S. Shin, P. Barman, E. Rainaldi, S. Popham, R. Kapur. Accuracy and Reliability of a Suite of Digital Measures of Walking Generated Using a Wrist-Worn Sensor in Healthy Individuals: Performance Characterization Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e48270.

7. M. Hoffman, A. T. Burge, N. Wong, et al. Exertional Desaturation During the 6-Minute Walk Test vs Daily Life in People With Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease. Chest 2023.

8. K. Bansal, D. J. Clark, E. J. Fox, D. K. Rose. Sympathetic nervous system responses during complex walking tasks and community ambulation post-stroke. Sci Rep 2023; 13(1):20068.

9. S. Park, R. T. Marcotte, L. P. Toth, et al. Free-Living Validation and Harmonization of 10 Wearable Step Count Monitors. Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine 2021; 6(4).

10. P. Jéhannin, A. Le Faucheur, S. Chaudru, A. Taoum, G. Mahé, P.-Y. De Müllenheim. Agreement Between StepWatch3 and ActiGraph wGT3X+ for Measuring Step-Based Metrics in People With Peripheral Artery Disease. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 2021; 30(2):225-236.

11. L. Bezuidenhout, C. Thurston, M. Hagstromer, D. Moulaee Conradsson. Validity of Hip and Ankle Worn Actigraph Accelerometers for Measuring Steps as a Function of Gait Speed during Steady State Walking and Continuous Turning. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21(9).

12. Z. Matkovic, N. Tudoric, D. Cvetko, et al. Easy to Perform Physical Performance Tests to Identify COPD Patients with Low Physical Activity in Clinical Practice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:921-929.

13. C. P. Connolly, J. Dahmen, R. D. Catena, N. Campbell, A. H. K. Montoye. Physical Activity Monitor Accuracy for Overground Walking and Free-Living Conditions Among Pregnant Women. Human Kinetics 2020; 3(2):100-109.

14. B. Tyo, R. Spataro-Kearns, D. Bassett. Adiposity and Slow Stepping Rate Are Related to Under-Estimating Steps per Day in African American Women. Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour 2019:1-7.

15. W. E. Palmer, V. S. Mercer. Effects of the Matter of Balance Program on Self-Reported Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2019; 5:2333721419880698.

16. S. Mandigout, J. Lacroix, A. Perrochon, Z. Svoboda, T. Aubourg, N. Vuillerme. Comparison of Step Count Assessed Using Wrist- and Hip-Worn Actigraph GT3X in Free-Living Conditions in Young and Older Adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:252.

17. C. Hochsmann, R. Knaier, D. Infanger, A. Schmidt-Trucksass. Validity of smartphones and activity trackers to measure steps in a free-living setting over three consecutive days. Physiol Meas 2019.

18. A. Boolani, C. Towler, B. LeCours, H. Blank, J. Larue, G. Fulk. Accuracy of 6 Commercially Available Activity Monitors in Measuring Heart Rate, Caloric Expenditure, Steps Walked, and Distance Traveled. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2019(30):153-161.

19. S. Wittry, E. Tsao, K. Bjornson. Are clinic-based walking measures associated with community walking activity in children with cerebral palsy? J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018; 11(1):23-30.

20. N. Straiton, M. Alharbi, A. Bauman, et al. The validity and reliability of consumer-grade activity trackers in older, community-dwelling adults: A systematic review. Maturitas 2018; 112:85-93.

21. E. Ali, D. Wani, W. Ling, S. Rao. Reliability and validity of wrist-worn activity monitors in healthy young adults. Physiotherapy Practice and Research 2018; 39(2):117-124.

22. T. D. Klassen, J. A. Semrau, S. P. Dukelow, M. T. Bayley, M. D. Hill, J. J. Eng. Consumer-Based Physical Activity Monitor as a Practical Way to Measure Walking Intensity During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke 2017; 48(9):2614-2617.

23. M. Gotte, C. C. Seidel, S. V. Kesting, D. Rosenbaum, J. Boos. Objectively measured versus self-reported physical activity in children and adolescents with cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12(2):e0172216.

24. M. J. Major, M. Alford. Validity of the iPhone M7 motion co-processor as a pedometer for able-bodied ambulation. J Sports Sci 2016; 34(23):2160-2164.

25. A. Hickey, D. John, J. E. Sasaki, M. Mavilia, P. Freedson. Validity of Activity Monitor Step Detection Is Related to Movement Patterns. J Phys Act Health 2016; 13(2):145-53.

26. V. A. Danilack, O. Okunbor, C. R. Richardson, M. Teylan, M. L. Moy. Performance of a pedometer to measure physical activity in a U.S. cohort with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Rehabil Res Dev 2015; 52(3):333-42.

27. J. Thurn, E. Finne, M. Brandes, J. Bucksch. Validation of physical activity habit strength with subjective and objective criterion measures. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2014; 15:65-71.

28. Y. Feito, H. R. Garner, D. R. Bassett. Evaluation of ActiGraph’s Low-Frequency Filter in Lab and Free-living Environments. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014.

29. B. M. Tyo, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. P. Coe, Y. Feito, D. L. Thompson. Effect of BMI on pedometers in early adolescents under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45(3):569-73.

30. E. Raffin, S. Bonnet, P. Giraux. Concurrent validation of a magnetometer-based step counter in various walking surfaces. Gait Posture 2012; 35(1):18-22.

31. P. J. Manns, R. G. Haennel. SenseWear Armband and Stroke: Validity of Energy Expenditure and Step Count Measurement during Walking. Stroke Res Treat 2012; 2012:247165.

32. Y. Feito, D. R. Bassett, D. L. Thompson. Evaluation of activity monitors in controlled and free-living environments. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 44(4):733-41.

33. B. M. Tyo, E. C. Fitzhugh, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. John, Y. Feito, D. L. Thompson. Effects of body mass index and step rate on pedometer error in a free-living environment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(2):350-6.

34. N. A. Silcott, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. L. Thompson, E. C. Fitzhugh, J. A. Steeves. Evaluation of the Omron HJ-720ITC pedometer under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(9):1791-7.

35. N. Wollmerstedt, U. Noth, A. Ince, H. Ackermann, J. M. Martell, C. Hendrich. The Daily Activity Questionnaire: a novel questionnaire to assess patient activity after total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2010; 25(3):475-480 e1-3.

36. G. D. Fulk, C. Reynolds, S. Mondal, J. E. Deutsch. Predicting home and community walking activity in people with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 91(10):1582-6.

37. S. Mudge, N. S. Stott. Timed walking tests correlate with daily step activity in persons with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90(2):296-301.

38. J. M. Stepien, S. Cavenett, L. Taylor, M. Crotty. Activity levels among lower-limb amputees: self-report versus step activity monitor. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88(7):896-900.

39. M. C. Fahey, L. A. Corben, V. Collins, A. J. Churchyard, M. B. Delatycki. The 25-foot walk velocity accurately measures real world ambulation in Friedreich ataxia. Neurology 2007; 68(9):705-6.

40. P. D. Franklin, J. McLaughlin, C. B. Boisvert, W. Li, D. C. Ayers. Pilot study of methods to document quantity and variation of independent patient exercise and activity after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2006; 21(6 Suppl 2):157-63.

41. E. Haeuber, M. Shaughnessy, L. W. Forrester, K. L. Coleman, R. F. Macko. Accelerometer monitoring of home- and community-based ambulatory activity after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 85(12):1997-2001.

42. M. Silva, E. F. Shepherd, W. O. Jackson, F. J. Dorey, T. P. Schmalzried. Average patient walking activity approaches 2 million cycles per year: pedometers under-record walking activity. J Arthroplasty 2002; 17(6):693-7.

8. Dementia [1-4]

1. V. R. Varma, Y. F. Chuang, G. C. Harris, E. J. Tan, M. C. Carlson. Low-intensity daily walking activity is associated with hippocampal volume in older adults. Hippocampus 2015; 25(5):605-15.

2. Q. Lin, D. Zhang, L. Chen, H. Ni, X. Zhou. Managing Elders’ Wandering Behavior Using Sensors-based Solutions: A Survey. International Journal of Gerontology 2014; 8(2):49-55.

3. D. L. Algase. What’s new about wandering behaviour? An assessment of recent studies. Int J Older People Nurs 2006; 1(4):226-34.

4. D. L. Algase, E. R. Beattie, S. A. Leitsch, C. A. Beel-Bates. Biomechanical activity devices to index wandering behavior in dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2003; 18(2):85-92.

9. Diabetes [1-29]

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2. M. Lopez-Moral, R. J. Molines-Barroso, M. Herrera-Casamayor, M. Garcia-Madrid, E. Garcia-Morales, J. L. Lazaro-Martinez. Usability of Different Methods to Assess and Improve Adherence to Therapeutic Footwear in Persons with the Diabetic Foot in Remission. A Systematic Review. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2023:15347346231190680.

3. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, S. Zhang, et al. Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Meeting Physical Activity Time-Intensity Guidelines in Patients With Claudication. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2023; 43(2):135-142.

4. R. Keukenkamp, J. J. van Netten, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, S. A. Bus. Custom-made footwear designed for indoor use increases short-term and long-term adherence in people with diabetes at high ulcer risk. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2022; 10(1):e002593.

5. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, S. Zhang, et al. Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Meeting Physical Activity Time-Intensity Guidelines in Patients With Claudication. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 2022:10.1097.

6. R. Keukenkamp, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, R. Barn, J. Woodburn, S. A. Bus. Foot ulcer recurrence, plantar pressure and footwear adherence in people with diabetes and Charcot midfoot deformity: A cohort analysis. Diabet Med 2020:e14438.

7. S. K. D. Ansell, M. Jester, J. B. Tryggestad, K. R. Short. A pilot study of the effects of a high-intensity aerobic exercise session on heart rate variability and arterial compliance in adolescents with or without type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2020; 21(3):486-495.

8. W. B. Aan de Stegge, A. Abu-Hanna, S. A. Bus. Development of a multivariable prediction model for plantar foot ulcer recurrence in high-risk people with diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8(1).

9. P. Francia, A. Bellis, G. Seghieri, et al. Continuous Movement Monitoring of Daily Living Activities for Prevention of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Review of Literature. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:22.

10. J. J. van Netten, J. G. van Baal, A. Bril, M. Wissink, S. A. Bus. An exploratory study on differences in cumulative plantar tissue stress between healing and non-healing plantar neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2018; 53:86-92.

11. R. Keukenkamp, M. J. Merkx, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, S. A. Bus. An Explorative Study on the Efficacy and Feasibility of the Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Footwear Adherence in Persons with Diabetes at High Risk for Foot Ulceration. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2018; 108(2):90-99.

12. S. A. Bus, J. J. van Netten, A. I. Kottink, et al. The efficacy of removable devices to offload and heal neuropathic plantar forefoot ulcers in people with diabetes: a single-blinded multicentre randomised controlled trial. Int Wound J 2018; 15(1):65-74.

13. A. M. Wijlens, S. Holloway, S. A. Bus, J. J. van Netten. An explorative study on the validity of various definitions of a 2.2 degrees C temperature threshold as warning signal for impending diabetic foot ulceration. Int Wound J 2017; 14(6):1346-1351.

14. R. Keukenkamp, M. J. Merkx, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, S. A. Bus. An explorative study on the efficacy and feasibility of the use of motivational interviewing to improve footwear adherence in persons with diabetes at high-risk of foot ulceration. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2017.

15. L. Desveaux, R. S. Goldstein, S. Mathur, et al. Physical Activity in Adults with Diabetes Following Prosthetic Rehabilitation. Can J Diabetes 2016; 40(4):336-41.

16. R. Waaijman, M. de Haart, M. L. Arts, et al. Risk factors for plantar foot ulcer recurrence in neuropathic diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2014; 37(6):1697-705.

17. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, S. M. Blevins. Diabetic women are poor responders to exercise rehabilitation in the treatment of claudication. J Vasc Surg 2014; 59(4):1036-43.

18. R. Waaijman, R. Keukenkamp, M. de Haart, W. P. Polomski, F. Nollet, S. A. Bus. Adherence to wearing prescription custom-made footwear in patients with diabetes at high risk for plantar foot ulceration. Diabetes Care 2013; 36(6):1613-8.

19. L. J. Tuttle, M. K. Hastings, M. J. Mueller. A moderate-intensity weight-bearing exercise program for a person with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Phys Ther 2012; 92(1):133-41.

20. S. A. Bus, R. Waaijman, F. Nollet. New monitoring technology to objectively assess adherence to prescribed footwear and assistive devices during ambulatory activity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93(11):2075-9.

21. C. H. van Schie, E. L. Noordhof, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, A. Beelen, F. Nollet. Assessment of physical activity in people with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 92(1):e9-11.

22. J. W. Lemaster, M. J. Mueller, G. E. Reiber, D. R. Mehr, R. W. Madsen, V. S. Conn. Effect of weight-bearing activity on foot ulcer incidence in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: feet first randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther 2008; 88(11):1385-98.

23. R. V. Kanade, R. W. van Deursen, P. Price, K. Harding. Risk of plantar ulceration in diabetic patients with single-leg amputation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2006; 21(3):306-13.

24. R. V. Kanade, R. W. van Deursen, K. Harding, P. Price. Walking performance in people with diabetic neuropathy: benefits and threats. Diabetologia 2006; 49(8):1747-54.

25. D. G. Smith, E. Domholdt, K. L. Coleman, M. A. Del Aguila, D. A. Boone. Ambulatory activity in men with diabetes: relationship between self-reported and real-world performance-based measures. J Rehabil Res Dev 2004; 41(4):571-80.

26. C. L. Saltzman, M. B. Zimmerman, R. L. Holdsworth, S. Beck, H. D. Hartsell, R. A. Frantz. Effect of initial weight-bearing in a total contact cast on healing of diabetic foot ulcers. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2004; 86-A(12):2714-9.

27. K. S. Maluf, M. J. Mueller. Comparison of physical activity and cumulative plantar tissue stress among subjects with and without diabetes mellitus and a history of recurrent plantar ulcers. Clin. Biomech. 2003; 18:567-575.

28. H. Hartsell, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Brand, R. Frantz, C. Saltzman. Accuracy of a custom-designed activity monitor: implications for diabetic foot ulcer healing. J Rehabil Res Dev 2002; 39(3):395-400.

29. K. L. Coleman, D. G. Smith, D. A. Boone, A. W. Joseph, M. A. del Aguila. Step activity monitor: long-term, continuous recording of ambulatory function. J Rehabil Res Dev 1999; 36(1):8-18.

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2. A. M. Sanders, G. Richard, K. Kolskar, et al. Associations between everyday activities and arterial spin labeling-derived cerebral blood flow: A longitudinal study in community-dwelling elderly volunteers. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44(8):3377-3393.

3. M. Randriambelonoro, C. Perrin Franck, F. Herrmann, et al. Gamified Physical Rehabilitation for Older Adults With Musculoskeletal Issues: Pilot Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 10:e39543.

4. A.-M. Sanders, G. Richard, K. Kolskar, et al. Associations between everyday activities and arterial spin labelling-derived cerebral blood flow: A longitudinal study in community-dwelling elderly volunteers. medRxiv 2022.

5. C. Naughton, H. Cummins, M. de Foubert, et al. Implementation of the Frailty Care Bundle (FCB) to promote mobilisation, nutrition and cognitive engagement in older people in acute care settings: protocol for an implementation science study. HRB Open Research 2022; 5:1-19.

6. E. Seckler, V. Regauer, M. Krüger, et al. Improving mobility and participation of older people with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders in primary care using a care pathway: feasibility study and process evaluation. BMC family practice 2021; 22(1):1-21.

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8. B. C. Pousett B, Labbé D, Miller WC. A mixed-methods study on prosthesis use among older Canadians with lower-limb amputations. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journa 2021; 4(1):1-11.

9. R. Zhong, P. P. Rau. Are cost-effective technologies feasible to measure gait in older adults? A systematic review of evidence-based literature. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 87:103970.

10. M. Villumsen, B. Grarup, S. Christensen, T. S. Palsson, R. P. Hirata. “Study protocol for the >/=65 years NOrthern jutland Cohort of Fall risk Assessment with Objective measurements (the NOCfao study)”. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20(1):198.

11. T. G. Stavropoulos, A. Papastergiou, L. Mpaltadoros, S. Nikolopoulos, I. Kompatsiaris. IoT Wearable Sensors and Devices in Elderly Care: A Literature Review. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20(10).

12. J. Scott, U. O. Abaraogu, G. Ellis, M. Gine-Garriga, D. A. Skelton. A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field. Eur Geriatr Med 2020.

13. M. Randriambelonoro, C. Perrin, A. Blocquet, et al. Hospital-to-Home Transition for Older Patients: Using Serious Games to Improve the Motivation for Rehabilitation – a Qualitative Study. Journal of Population Ageing 2020; 13:187-205.

14. R. McCullagh, D. Darren, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Factors Associated With Walking in Older Medical Inpatients. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2020; 2:100038.

15. S. Lim, K. Ibrahim, R. Dodds, et al. Physical activity in hospitalised older people: the feasibility and acceptability of a volunteer-led mobility intervention in the SoMoVe study. Age Ageing 2020; 49(2):283-291.

16. C. Cuevas-Lara, M. Izquierdo, M. L. Saez de Asteasu, et al. Impact of Game-Based Interventions on Health-Related Outcomes in Hospitalized Older Patients: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020.

17. M. Adcock, F. Sonder, A. Schattin, F. Gennaro, E. D. de Bruin. A usability study of a multicomponent video game-based training for older adults. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2020; 17:3.

18. S. Stockwell, P. Schofield, A. Fisher, et al. Digital behavior change interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary behavior in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2019; 120:68-87.

19. A. K. Rao. Wearable Sensor Technology to Measure Physical Activity (PA) in the Elderly. Current Geriatrics Reports 2019; 8(1):55-66.

20. W. E. Palmer, V. S. Mercer. Effects of the Matter of Balance Program on Self-Reported Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2019; 5:2333721419880698.

21. T. Moro, C. R. Brightwell, D. E. Phalen, et al. Low skeletal muscle capillarization limits muscle adaptation to resistance exercise training in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2019; 127:110723.

22. S. Mandigout, J. Lacroix, A. Perrochon, Z. Svoboda, T. Aubourg, N. Vuillerme. Comparison of Step Count Assessed Using Wrist- and Hip-Worn Actigraph GT3X in Free-Living Conditions in Young and Older Adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:252.

23. B. J. King, R. Brown, L. Steege, H. Wang, F. L. Kuo, C. Brown. Ambulation Patterns Post-Discharge in Older Adults Identified as Fall Risk: A Descriptive Pilot Study. Res Gerontol Nurs 2019; 12(3):113-119.

24. N. Kemp, R. R. Deer, E. Volpi, S. Fisher. POST DISCHARGE WALKING ACTIVITY AND 30-DAY READMISSION IN OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2019:S905.

25. S. Fisher, S. Stanich, I. Hong, et al. Fall Risk Reduction in the Elderly Through the Physical Therapy Management of Incontinence. Journal of Women’s Health Physical Therapy 2019; 43(1):3-9.

26. M. Alharbi, N. Straiton, S. Smith, L. Neubeck, R. Gallagher. Data management and wearables in older adults: A systematic review. Maturitas 2019; 124:100-110.

27. N. Straiton, M. Alharbi, A. Bauman, et al. The validity and reliability of consumer-grade activity trackers in older, community-dwelling adults: A systematic review. Maturitas 2018; 112:85-93.

28. A. Schattin, F. Gennaro, M. Egloff, S. Vogt, E. D. de Bruin. Physical Activity, Nutrition, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Short-Time Synaptic Plasticity in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:242.

29. M. M. Markofski, K. Jennings, K. L. Timmerman, et al. Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training and Essential Amino Acid Supplementation for 24 Weeks on Physical Function, Body Composition and Muscle Metabolism in Healthy, Independent Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018.

30. S. E. R. Lim, R. Dodds, D. Bacon. Physical activity among hospitalised older people: insights from upper and lower limb accelerometry. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:1363-1369.

31. A. L. Hergenroeder, B. Barone Gibbs, M. P. Kotlarczyk, R. J. Kowalsky, S. Perera, J. S. Brach. Accuracy of Objective Physical Activity Monitors in Measuring Steps in Older Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418781126.

32. R. R. Deer, S. M. Goodlett, S. R. Fisher, et al. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Interventions to Improve Functional Recovery After Hospitalization in Older Adults: Feasibility and Adherence. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73(2):187-193.

33. P. T. Reidy, A. I. McKenzie, P. Brunker, et al. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Combined with Protein Ingestion Preserves Thigh Muscle Mass But Not Muscle Function in Healthy Older Adults During 5 Days of Bed Rest. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20(6):449-461.

34. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, A. M. O’Connell, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Step-Count Accuracy of 3 Motion Sensors for Older and Frail Medical Inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98(2):295-302.

35. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, A. M. O’Connell, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Step-Count Accuracy of Three Motion Sensors for Older and Frail Medical Inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98(2):295-302.

36. B. Imam, W. C. Miller, H. Finlayson, J. J. Eng, T. Jarus. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility of the Wii Fit for improving walking in older adults with lower limb amputation. Clin Rehabil 2017; 31(1):82-92.

37. T. A. Floegel, A. Florez-Pregonero, E. B. Hekler, M. P. Buman. Validation of Consumer-Based Hip and Wrist Activity Monitors in Older Adults With Varied Ambulatory Abilities. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72(2):229-236.

38. M. K. Danilovich, D. E. Conroy, T. G. Hornby. Feasibility and Impact of High-Intensity Walking Training in Frail Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2017; 25(4):533-538.

39. D. K. White, C. Tudor-Locke, Y. Zhang, et al. Prospective change in daily walking over 2 years in older adults with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis: the MOST study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24(2):246-53.

40. S. C. Webber, P. D. St John. Comparison of ActiGraph GT3X+ and StepWatch Step Count Accuracy in Geriatric Rehabilitation Patients. J Aging Phys Act 2016; 24(3):451-8.

41. R. McCullagh, E. O’Connell, S. O’Meara, et al. A study protocol of a randomised controlled trial to measure the effects of an augmented prescribed exercise programme (APEP) for frail older medical patients in the acute setting. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16:79.

42. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, D. Dahly, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Walking in hospital is associated with a shorter length of stay in older medical inpatients. Physiological measurement 2016; 37(10):1872-1884.

43. S. R. Fisher, J. E. Graham, K. J. Ottenbacher, R. Deer, G. V. Ostir. Inpatient Walking Activity to Predict Readmission in Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97(9 Suppl):S226-31.

44. R. R. Deer, J. M. Dickinson, S. R. Fisher, H. Ju, E. Volpi. Identifying effective and feasible interventions to accelerate functional recovery from hospitalization in older adults: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 49:6-14.

45. V. R. Varma, Y. F. Chuang, G. C. Harris, E. J. Tan, M. C. Carlson. Low-intensity daily walking activity is associated with hippocampal volume in older adults. Hippocampus 2015; 25(5):605-15.

46. R. E. Tanner, L. B. Brunker, J. Agergaard, et al. Age-related differences in lean mass, protein synthesis and skeletal muscle markers of proteolysis after bed rest and exercise rehabilitation. J Physiol 2015; 593(18):4259-73.

47. G. V. Ostir, I. M. Berges, Y. F. Kuo, J. S. Goodwin, S. R. Fisher, J. M. Guralnik. Mobility activity and its value as a prognostic indicator of survival in hospitalized older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013; 61(4):551-7.

48. D. M. Wendland, S. H. Sprigle. Activity monitor accuracy in persons using canes. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012; 49(8):1261-1268.

49. K. L. Timmerman, S. Dhanani, E. L. Glynn, et al. A moderate acute increase in physical activity enhances nutritive flow and the muscle protein anabolic response to mixed nutrient intake in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95(6):1403-12.

50. K. Taraldsen, S. F. Chastin, Riphagen, II, B. Vereijken, J. L. Helbostad. Physical activity monitoring by use of accelerometer-based body-worn sensors in older adults: a systematic literature review of current knowledge and applications. Maturitas 2012; 71(1):13-9.

51. M. A. Roos, K. S. Rudolph, D. S. Reisman. The structure of walking activity in people after stroke compared with older adults without disability: a cross-sectional study. Phys Ther 2012; 92(9):1141-7.

52. K. Taraldsen, T. Askim, O. Sletvold, et al. Evaluation of a body-worn sensor system to measure physical activity in older people with impaired function. Phys Ther 2011; 91(2):277-85.

53. A. H. Laybourne, S. Biggs, F. C. Martin. Predicting habitual physical activity using coping strategies in older fallers engaged in falls-prevention exercise. J Aging Phys Act 2011; 19(3):189-200.

54. S. R. Fisher, J. S. Goodwin, E. J. Protas, et al. Ambulatory activity of older adults hospitalized with acute medical illness. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 59(1):91-5.

55. M. E. Cress, S. Orini, L. Kinsler. Living environment and mobility of older adults. Gerontology 2011; 57(3):287-94.

56. K. L. Storti, K. K. Pettee Gabriel, D. A. Underwood, L. H. Kuller, A. M. Kriska. Physical activity and coronary artery calcification in two cohorts of women representing early and late postmenopause. Menopause 2010.

57. J. T. Cavanaugh, N. Kochi, N. Stergiou. Nonlinear analysis of ambulatory activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65(2):197-203.

58. K. R. Zalewski, J. C. Smith, J. Malzahn, M. VanHart, D. O’Connell. Measures of physical ability are unrelated to objectively measured physical activity behavior in older adults residing in continuing care retirement communities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90(6):982-6.

59. M. E. Busse, C. M. Wiles, A. E. Rosser. Mobility and falls in people with Huntington’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80(1):88-90.

60. K. L. Storti, K. K. Pettee, J. S. Brach, J. B. Talkowski, C. R. Richardson, A. M. Kriska. Gait speed and step-count monitor accuracy in community-dwelling older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40(1):59-64.

61. R. J. Bergman, D. R. Bassett, Jr., S. Muthukrishnan, D. A. Klein. Validity of 2 devices for measuring steps taken by older adults in assisted-living facilities. J Phys Act Health 2008; 5 Suppl 1:S166-175.

62. J. T. Cavanaugh, K. L. Coleman, J. M. Gaines, L. Laing, M. C. Morey. Using step activity monitoring to characterize ambulatory activity in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 55(1):120-4.

63. B. Resnick, E. S. Nahm, D. Orwig, S. S. Zimmerman, J. Magaziner. Measurement of activity in older adults: reliability and validity of the Step Activity Monitor. J Nurs Meas 2001; 9(3):275-290.

11. Heart Conditions [1-8]

1. D. van Erck, C. D. Dolman, W. J. M. Scholte Op Reimer, et al. The Trajectory of Nutritional Status and Physical Activity before and after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Nutrients 2022; 14(23).

2. C. H. t. Brown, L. Yanek, R. Healy, et al. Comparing three wearable accelerometers to measure early activity after cardiac surgery. JTCVS Open 2022; 11:176-191.

3. D. van Erck, C. D. Dolman, M. Snaterse, et al. Physical activity, dietary intake and quality of life during COVID-19 lockdown in patients awaiting transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Neth Heart J 2021; 29(9):460-467.

4. M. M. Streur, E. A. Thompson, C. M. Dougherty. Multisymptom Profile Predicts Increased Risk of Poor Outcomes After Initial Placement of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. J Pain Symptom Manage 2020; 59(3):658-667.

5. B. G. Steele, C. M. Dougherty, R. L. Burr, I. G. Colwell, J. Hunziker. A Feasibility Trial of Two Rehabilitation Models in Severe Cardiopulmonary Illness. Rehabil Nurs 2019; 44(3):130-140.

6. E. T. Lau, E. A. Thompson, R. L. Burr, C. M. Dougherty. Safety and Efficacy of an Early Home-Based Walking Program After Receipt of an Initial Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97(8):1228-36.

7. C. M. Dougherty, M. N. Luttrell, R. L. Burr, M. Kim, W. L. Haskell. Adherence to an Aerobic Exercise Intervention after an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2016; 39(2):128-39.

8. H. Q. Nguyen, B. G. Steele, C. M. Dougherty, R. L. Burr. Physical activity patterns of patients with cardiopulmonary illnesses. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93(12):2360-6.

12. Huntington’s Disease [1-3]

1. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

2. H. Khalil, L. Quinn, R. van Deursen, et al. What effect does a structured home-based exercise programme have on people with Huntington’s disease? A randomized, controlled pilot study. Clin Rehabil 2013; 27(7):646-58.

3. M. E. Busse, C. M. Wiles, A. E. Rosser. Mobility and falls in people with Huntington’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80(1):88-90.

13. Inpatient [1-46]

1. C. J. Brown, C. Loyd, J. T. Richardson, G. Boogaerts, Y. Zhang, R. E. Kennedy. Preliminary Validation of the Acute Care Mobility Assessment as a Measure of Hospital Mobility. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024.

2. O. Theou, M. W. O’Brien, J. Godin, et al. Interrupting bedtime to reverse frailty levels in acute care: a study protocol for the Breaking Bad Rest randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23(1):482.

3. M. Randriambelonoro, C. Perrin Franck, F. Herrmann, et al. Gamified Physical Rehabilitation for Older Adults With Musculoskeletal Issues: Pilot Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2023; 10:e39543.

4. S. Peters, S. B. Lim, M. T. Bayley, et al. Implementation of increased physical therapy intensity for improving walking after stroke: Walk ‘n watch protocol for a multisite stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Int J Stroke 2023; 18(1):117-122.

5. B. Mischler, R. Hilfiker, M. Hund-Georgiadis, C. Maguire. Physical activity based on daily step-count in inpatient setting in stroke and traumatic brain injury patients in subacute stage: A cross-sectional observational study. NeuroRehabilitation 2023; 52(3):435-450.

6. H. A. Hayes, M. McFadden, L. Gerace, T. A. Brusseau. Agreement of activity monitors for assessment of patients with sub-acute stroke in an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2023:1-7.

7. J. Halvorsen, C. Henderson, W. Romney, et al. Feasibility and Safety of Early Post-COVID-19 High-Intensity Gait Training: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 13(1).

8. N. Aravind, D. Treacy, S. Chagpar, et al. Implementing digital devices to increase mobility training for people receiving inpatient rehabilitation: protocol for a feasibility hybrid type II randomized controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9(1):69.

9. C. Naughton, H. Cummins, M. de Foubert, et al. Implementation of the Frailty Care Bundle (FCB) to promote mobilisation, nutrition and cognitive engagement in older people in acute care settings: protocol for an implementation science study. HRB Open Research 2022; 5:1-19.

10. D. Kohlbrenner, S. von Moos, G. Schmid-Mohler. Criterion Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of a Modified Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF) in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences 2022; 3.

11. C. E. Henderson, A. Plawecki, E. Lucas, et al. Increasing the Amount and Intensity of Stepping Training During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Improves Locomotor and Non-Locomotor Outcomes. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2022; 36(9):621-632.

12. C. E. Henderson, M. Fahey, G. Brazg, J. L. Moore, T. G. Hornby. Predicting discharge walking function with high-intensity stepping training during inpatient rehabilitation in nonambulatory patients poststroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2022; 103(7):S189-S196.

13. C. H. t. Brown, L. Yanek, R. Healy, et al. Comparing three wearable accelerometers to measure early activity after cardiac surgery. JTCVS Open 2022; 11:176-191.

14. C. Maher, K. Szeto, J. Arnold. The use of accelerometer-based wearable activity monitors in clinical settings: current practice, barriers, enablers, and future opportunities. BMC health services research 2021; 21(1):1-12.

15. N. Yee, E. R. Locke, K. C. Pike, et al. Frailty in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Exacerbations and Hospitalizations. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:1967-1976.

16. J. Scott, U. O. Abaraogu, G. Ellis, M. Gine-Garriga, D. A. Skelton. A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field. Eur Geriatr Med 2020.

17. H. Rice, K. Hill, R. Fowler, C. Watson, G. Waterer, M. Harrold. Reduced Step Count and Clinical Frailty in Hospitalized Adults With Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Respir Care 2020.

18. M. Randriambelonoro, C. Perrin, A. Blocquet, et al. Hospital-to-Home Transition for Older Patients: Using Serious Games to Improve the Motivation for Rehabilitation – a Qualitative Study. Journal of Population Ageing 2020; 13:187-205.

19. J. L. Moore, J. E. Nordvik, A. Erichsen, et al. Implementation of High-Intensity Stepping Training During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Improves Functional Outcomes. Stroke 2020; 51(2):563-570.

20. R. McCullagh, E. O’Connell, S. O’Meara, et al. Augmented exercise in hospital improves physical performance and reduces negative post hospitalization events: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20(1):46.

21. R. McCullagh, D. Darren, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Factors Associated With Walking in Older Medical Inpatients. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2020; 2:100038.

22. S. Lim, K. Ibrahim, R. Dodds, et al. Physical activity in hospitalised older people: the feasibility and acceptability of a volunteer-led mobility intervention in the SoMoVe study. Age Ageing 2020; 49(2):283-291.

23. C. E. Lang, J. Barth, C. L. Holleran, J. D. Konrad, M. D. Bland. Implementation of Wearable Sensing Technology for Movement: Pushing Forward into the Routine Physical Rehabilitation Care Field. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20(20).

24. J. Janssen, T. D. Klassen, L. A. Connell, J. J. Eng. Factors Influencing the Delivery of Intensive Rehabilitation in Stroke: Patient Perceptions Versus Rehabilitation Therapist Perceptions. Phys Ther 2020; 100(2):307-316.

25. C. E. Henderson, M. Fahey, G. Brazg, J. L. Moore, T. G. Hornby. Predicting Discharge Walking Function With High-Intensity Stepping Training During Inpatient Rehabilitation in Nonambulatory Patients Poststroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020.

26. L. Hassett, A. Tiedemann, R. S. Hinman, et al. Physical activity coaching for adults with mobility limitations: protocol for the ComeBACK pragmatic hybrid effectiveness-implementation type 1 randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10(11):e034696.

27. S. J. Fatim Tahirah Mirza, Megan Harrold, Siti Kamariah Othman, Rosmadi Ismail, Tengku Saifudin Tengku Ismail, Kylie Hill. Initiating exercise training early during the hospitalisation for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease improves exercise capacity and quadriceps strength: A randomised controlled trial. Respiratory Medicine 2020; 2.

28. V. G. DePaul, J. Bosch, W. J. Oczkowski, L. Wishart, M. O’Donnell, R. G. Hart. Promoting Independent Mobility-related Physical ACTivity (IMPACT) in an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit: a proof-of-concept evaluation of self-management intervention. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 42(22):3172-3181.

29. T. D. Klassen, S. P. Dukelow, M. T. Bayley, et al. Determining optimal poststroke exercise: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial investigating therapeutic intensity and dose on functional recovery during stroke inpatient rehabilitation. Int J Stroke 2019; 14(1):80-86.

30. B. J. King, R. Brown, L. Steege, H. Wang, F. L. Kuo, C. Brown. Ambulation Patterns Post-Discharge in Older Adults Identified as Fall Risk: A Descriptive Pilot Study. Res Gerontol Nurs 2019; 12(3):113-119.

31. N. Kemp, R. R. Deer, E. Volpi, S. Fisher. POST DISCHARGE WALKING ACTIVITY AND 30-DAY READMISSION IN OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2019:S905.

32. S. E. R. Lim, K. Ibrahim, A. A. Sayer, H. C. Roberts. Assessment of Physical Activity of Hospitalised Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22(3):377-386.

33. S. E. R. Lim, R. Dodds, D. Bacon. Physical activity among hospitalised older people: insights from upper and lower limb accelerometry. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:1363-1369.

34. R. R. Deer, S. M. Goodlett, S. R. Fisher, et al. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Interventions to Improve Functional Recovery After Hospitalization in Older Adults: Feasibility and Adherence. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73(2):187-193.

35. J. L. Anderson, A. J. Green, L. S. Yoward, H. K. Hall. Validity and reliability of accelerometry in identification of lying, sitting, standing or purposeful activity in adult hospital inpatients recovering from acute or critical illness: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil 2018; 32(2):233-242.

36. D. Treacy, L. Hassett, K. Schurr, S. Chagpar, S. S. Paul, C. Sherrington. Validity of Different Activity Monitors to Count Steps in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting. Phys Ther 2017; 97(5):581-588.

37. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, A. M. O’Connell, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Step-Count Accuracy of 3 Motion Sensors for Older and Frail Medical Inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98(2):295-302.

38. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, A. M. O’Connell, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Step-Count Accuracy of Three Motion Sensors for Older and Frail Medical Inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98(2):295-302.

39. T. D. Klassen, J. A. Semrau, S. P. Dukelow, M. T. Bayley, M. D. Hill, J. J. Eng. Consumer-Based Physical Activity Monitor as a Practical Way to Measure Walking Intensity During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke 2017; 48(9):2614-2617.

40. R. McCullagh, E. O’Connell, S. O’Meara, et al. A study protocol of a randomised controlled trial to measure the effects of an augmented prescribed exercise programme (APEP) for frail older medical patients in the acute setting. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16:79.

41. R. McCullagh, C. Dillon, D. Dahly, N. F. Horgan, S. Timmons. Walking in hospital is associated with a shorter length of stay in older medical inpatients. Physiological measurement 2016; 37(10):1872-1884.

42. S. R. Fisher, J. E. Graham, K. J. Ottenbacher, R. Deer, G. V. Ostir. Inpatient Walking Activity to Predict Readmission in Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97(9 Suppl):S226-31.

43. R. R. Deer, J. M. Dickinson, S. R. Fisher, H. Ju, E. Volpi. Identifying effective and feasible interventions to accelerate functional recovery from hospitalization in older adults: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 49:6-14.

44. F. Tahirah, S. Jenkins, S. K. Othman, R. Ismail, T. Ismail, K. Hill. A randomised controlled trial of individualised, progressed early exercise in patients hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). European Respiratory Journal 2015; 46(suppl 59):743.

45. T. G. Hornby, C. L. Holleran, A. L. Leddy, et al. Feasibility of Focused Stepping Practice During Inpatient Rehabilitation Poststroke and Potential Contributions to Mobility Outcomes. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2015; 29(10):923-32.

46. S. R. Fisher, J. S. Goodwin, E. J. Protas, et al. Ambulatory activity of older adults hospitalized with acute medical illness. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 59(1):91-5.

14. Intellectual Disabilities [1-4]

1. R. W. Motl, B. M. Sandroff, R. H. Benedict. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with processing speed, but not learning and memory, in cognitively impaired persons with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 2022; 63:103833.

2. W. J. Stone, K. M. Baker. A roadmap: Social distancing physical activity data collection to protect those with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil 2021:17446295211009655.

3. M. van Schijndel-Speet, H. M. Evenhuis, R. van Wijck, K. C. van Montfort, M. A. Echteld. A structured physical activity and fitness programme for older adults with intellectual disabilities: results of a cluster-randomised clinical trial. J Intellect Disabil Res 2017; 61(1):16-29.

4. A. F. Casey, M. Mackay-Lyons, E. M. Connolly, C. Jennings, R. Rasmussen. A comprehensive exercise program for a young adult male with Down syndrome who experienced a stroke. Disabil Rehabil 2013.

15. Joint Replacement [1-32]

1. E. G. Fowler, J. J. Eckardt, A. Vuong, et al. Gait outcomes following proximal tibial tumor resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction. Gait & Posture 2021; 88:167-173.

2. T. Reiner, R. Sorbi, M. Muller, et al. Blood Metal Ion Release After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study. Orthop Surg 2020; 12(2):396-403.

3. M. R. Grubler, S. Gangler, A. Egli, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari. Effects of vitamin D3 on glucose metabolism in patients with severe osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind trial comparing daily 2000 IU versus 800 IU vitamin D3. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020.

4. G. Freystaetter, K. Fischer, E. J. Orav, et al. Total Serum Testosterone and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Pain and Function Among Older Men and Women With Severe Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72(11):1511-1518.

5. K. Mills, B. Falchi, C. Duckett, J. Naylor. Minimal change in physical activity after lower limb joint arthroplasty, but the outcome measure may be contributing to the problem: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiotherapy 2019; 105(1):35-45.

6. E. von Rottkay, L. Rackwitz, M. Rudert, U. Noth, J. C. Reichert. Function and activity after minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty compared to a healthy population. Int Orthop 2018; 42(2):297-302.

7. A. D. Segal, K. M. Cyr, C. J. Stender, et al. A three-year prospective comparative gait study between patients with ankle arthrodesis and arthroplasty. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2018; 54:42-53.

8. J. C. Reichert, E. von Rottkay, F. Roth, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of the minimally invasive direct anterior and the transgluteal approach for primary total hip arthroplasty. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19(1):241.

9. S. V. Mathieu, K. Fischer, B. Dawson-Hughes, et al. Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Components of Body Composition and Glucose Metabolism in Older Men and Women. Nutrients 2018; 10(12).

10. S. Holl, A. Blum, G. Gosheger, R. Dieckmann, C. Winter, D. Rosenbaum. Clinical outcome and physical activity measured with StepWatch 3 Activity Monitor after minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13(1):148.

11. M. Brandes, N. Wirsik, H. Niehoff, J. Heimsoth, B. Mohring. Impact of a tailored activity counselling intervention during inpatient rehabilitation after knee and hip arthroplasty – an explorative RCT. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19(1):209.

12. H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari, E. J. Orav, A. Egli, et al. Recovery after unilateral knee replacement due to severe osteoarthritis and progression in the contralateral knee: a randomised clinical trial comparing daily 2000 IU versus 800 IU vitamin D. RMD Open 2018; 4(2):e000678.

13. G. J. Almeida, S. S. Khoja, S. R. Piva. Physical activity after total joint arthroplasty: a narrative review. Open Access J Sports Med 2018; 9:55-68.

14. A. M. Faure, K. Fischer, B. Dawson-Hughes, A. Egli, H. A. Bischoff-Ferrari. Gender-specific association between dietary acid load and total lean body mass and its dependency on protein intake in seniors. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28(12):3451-3462.

15. N. B. Robertson, A. K. Battenberg, M. Kertzner, T. P. Schmalzried. Defining high activity in arthroplasty patients. Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B(1 Suppl A):95-7.

16. J. G. Haw, A. K. Battenberg, D. T. Huang, T. P. Schmalzried. Wear Rates of Larger-Diameter Cross-Linked Polyethylene at 5 to 13 Years: Does Liner Thickness or Component Position Matter? J Arthroplasty 2016.

17. E. E. Pakos, D. Tsiampas, T. Xenakis. Long term outcomes of Charnley THA in patients under the age of 50: an editorial comment on recently published article by Warth et al. Ann Transl Med 2015; 3(Suppl 1):S9.

18. J. J. Greiner, J. J. Callaghan, N. A. Bedard, S. S. Liu, Y. Gao, D. D. Goetz. Fixation and Wear With Contemporary Acetabular Components and Cross-Linked Polyethylene at 10-Years in Patients Aged 50 and Under. J Arthroplasty 2015; 30(9):1577-85.

19. N. M. Bernthal, M. Greenberg, K. Heberer, J. J. Eckardt, E. G. Fowler. What Are the Functional Outcomes of Endoprosthestic Reconstructions After Tumor Resection? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015.

20. L. C. Warth, J. J. Callaghan, S. S. Liu, A. L. Klaassen, D. D. Goetz, R. C. Johnston. Thirty-five-year results after Charnley total hip arthroplasty in patients less than fifty years old. A concise follow-up of previous reports. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2014; 96(21):1814-9.

21. N. A. Bedard, J. J. Callaghan, M. D. Stefl, T. J. Willman, S. S. Liu, D. D. Goetz. Fixation and wear with a contemporary acetabular component and cross-linked polyethylene at minimum 10-year follow-up. J Arthroplasty 2014; 29(10):1961-9.

22. M. Kuhn, M. Harris-Hayes, K. Steger-May, G. Pashos, J. C. Clohisy. Total hip arthroplasty in patients 50 years or less: do we improve activity profiles? J Arthroplasty 2013; 28(5):872-6.

23. N. A. Bedard, J. J. Callaghan, S. S. Liu, J. J. Greiner, A. L. Klaassen, R. C. Johnston. Cementless THA for the treatment of osteonecrosis at 10-year follow-up: have we improved compared to cemented THA? J Arthroplasty 2013; 28(7):1192-9.

24. T. P. Schmalzried. Patient activity and hip wear. Semin Arthro 2012; 23:193-196.

25. M. E. Hahn, E. S. Wright, A. D. Segal, M. S. Orendurff, W. R. Ledoux, B. J. Sangeorzan. Comparative gait analysis of ankle arthrodesis and arthroplasty: initial findings of a prospective study. Foot Ankle Int 2012; 33(4):282-9.

26. N. Wollmerstedt, U. Noth, A. Ince, H. Ackermann, J. M. Martell, C. Hendrich. The Daily Activity Questionnaire: a novel questionnaire to assess patient activity after total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2010; 25(3):475-480 e1-3.

27. M. Brandes, R. Schomaker, G. Mollenhoff, D. Rosenbaum. Quantity versus quality of gait and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis. Gait Posture 2008; 28(1):74-9.

28. J. Daniel, H. Ziaee, C. Pradhan, P. B. Pynsent, D. J. McMinn. Blood and urine metal ion levels in young and active patients after Birmingham hip resurfacing arthroplasty: Four-year results of a prospective longitudinal study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2007; 89(2):169-73.

29. P. D. Franklin, J. McLaughlin, C. B. Boisvert, W. Li, D. C. Ayers. Pilot study of methods to document quantity and variation of independent patient exercise and activity after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2006; 21(6 Suppl 2):157-63.

30. D. D. D’Lima, S. Patil, N. Steklov, J. E. Slamin, C. W. Colwell, Jr. Tibial forces measured in vivo after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2006; 21(2):255-62.

31. M. Silva, E. F. Shepherd, W. O. Jackson, F. J. Dorey, T. P. Schmalzried. Average patient walking activity approaches 2 million cycles per year: pedometers under-record walking activity. J Arthroplasty 2002; 17(6):693-7.

32. T. P. Schmalzried, E. F. Shepherd, F. J. Dorey, et al. The John Charnley Award. Wear is a function of use, not time. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000(381):36-46.

16. Leprosy [1, 2]

1. C. H. van Schie, F. J. Slim, R. Keukenkamp, W. R. Faber, F. Nollet. Plantar pressure and daily cumulative stress in persons affected by leprosy with current, previous and no previous foot ulceration. Gait Posture 2013; 37(3):326-30.

2. F. J. Slim, R. Keukenkamp, C. H. van Schie, W. R. Faber, F. Nollet. Foot impairments and limitations in walking activities in people affected by leprosy. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43(1):32-8.

17. Limb Salvage [1-6]

1. L. Reider, J. Bai, D. O. Scharfstein, V. Zipunnikov, M. O. S. I. for. Methods for Step Count Data: Determining “Valid” Days and Quantifying Fragmentation of Walking Bouts. Gait Posture 2020; 81:205-212.

2. S. Braun, K. Bjornson, E. Dillon-Naftolin, M. Sheiko, K. Song, M. Kang. Reliability of StepWatch Activity Monitor to Measure Locomotor Activity in Youth With Lower Limb Salvage. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(3):217-221.

3. M. J. Bosse, D. Teague, L. Reider, et al. Outcomes After Severe Distal Tibia, Ankle, and/or Foot Trauma: Comparison of Limb Salvage Versus Transtibial Amputation (OUTLET). J Orthop Trauma 2017; 31 Suppl 1:S48-S55.

4. K. R. Gundle, S. E. Punt, E. U. Conrad Iii. Assessment of objective ambulation in lower extremity sarcoma patients with a continuous activity monitor: rationale and validation. Sarcoma 2014; 2014:947082.

5. M. Sheiko, K. Bjornson, J. Lisle, K. Song, J. F. Eary, E. U. Conrad, 3rd. Physical activity assessment in adolescents with limb salvage. J Pediatr 2012; 161(6):1138-41.

6. D. Rosenbaum, M. Brandes, J. Hardes, G. Gosheger, R. Rodl. Physical activity levels after limb salvage surgery are not related to clinical scores-objective activity assessment in 22 patients after malignant bone tumor treatment with modular prostheses. J Surg Oncol 2008; 98(2):97-100.

18. Lung Conditions [1-31]

1. M. Hoffman, A. T. Burge, N. Wong, et al. Exertional Desaturation During the 6-Minute Walk Test vs Daily Life in People With Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease. Chest 2023.

2. J. Halvorsen, C. Henderson, W. Romney, et al. Feasibility and Safety of Early Post-COVID-19 High-Intensity Gait Training: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 13(1).

3. J. P. Ney, S. A. Robinson, C. R. Richardson, M. L. Moy. Can Technology-Based Physical Activity Programs for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Be Cost-Effective? Telemedicine and e-Health 2021; 27(11):1288-1292.

4. H. Demeyer, D. Mohan, C. Burtin, et al. Objectively measured physical activity in patients with COPD: recommendations from an international task force on physical activity. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation 2021; 8(4):528.

5. N. Yee, E. R. Locke, K. C. Pike, et al. Frailty in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Exacerbations and Hospitalizations. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:1967-1976.

6. Z. Matkovic, N. Tudoric, D. Cvetko, et al. Easy to Perform Physical Performance Tests to Identify COPD Patients with Low Physical Activity in Clinical Practice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:921-929.

7. A. E. Holland, T. Corte, D. C. Chambers, et al. Ambulatory oxygen for treatment of exertional hypoxaemia in pulmonary fibrosis (PFOX trial): a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10(12):e040798.

8. K. Hill, L. W. C. Ng, N. Cecins, V. R. Formico, V. Cavalheri, S. C. Jenkins. Effect of Using a Wheeled Walker on Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomised Cross-Over Trial. Lung 2020; 198(1):213-219.

9. S. J. Fatim Tahirah Mirza, Megan Harrold, Siti Kamariah Othman, Rosmadi Ismail, Tengku Saifudin Tengku Ismail, Kylie Hill. Initiating exercise training early during the hospitalisation for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease improves exercise capacity and quadriceps strength: A randomised controlled trial. Respiratory Medicine 2020; 2.

10. E. S. Wan, R. L. Goldstein, V. S. Fan, et al. Telomere length in COPD: Relationships with physical activity, exercise capacity, and acute exacerbations. PLoS One 2019; 14(10):e0223891.

11. B. G. Steele, C. M. Dougherty, R. L. Burr, I. G. Colwell, J. Hunziker. A Feasibility Trial of Two Rehabilitation Models in Severe Cardiopulmonary Illness. Rehabil Nurs 2019; 44(3):130-140.

12. S. Sehgal, B. Small, K. B. Highland. Activity monitors in pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2019; 151:81-95.

13. J. Lee, H. Q. Nguyen, M. E. Jarrett, P. H. Mitchell, K. C. Pike, V. S. Fan. Effect of symptoms on physical performance in COPD. Heart Lung 2018; 47(2):149-156.

14. S. Gore, J. Blackwood, M. Guyette, B. Alsalaheen. Validity and Reliability of Accelerometers in Patients With COPD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2018; 38(3):147-158.

15. A. L. Lee, R. S. Goldstein, D. Brooks. Chronic Pain in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Prevalence, Clinical and Psychological Implications. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2017; 4(3):194-203.

16. Z. Chen, V. S. Fan, B. Belza, K. Pike, H. Q. Nguyen. Association between Social Support and Self-Care Behaviors in Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017; 14(9):1419-1427.

17. M. B. Schure, S. Borson, H. Q. Nguyen, et al. Associations of cognition with physical functioning and health-related quality of life among COPD patients. Respir Med 2016; 114:46-52.

18. F. Tahirah, S. Jenkins, S. K. Othman, R. Ismail, T. Ismail, K. Hill. A randomised controlled trial of individualised, progressed early exercise in patients hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). European Respiratory Journal 2015; 46(suppl 59):743.

19. V. A. Danilack, O. Okunbor, C. R. Richardson, M. Teylan, M. L. Moy. Performance of a pedometer to measure physical activity in a U.S. cohort with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Rehabil Res Dev 2015; 52(3):333-42.

20. C. O’Donovana, P. Greally, G. Canny, P. McNally, J. Husseya. Active video games as an exercise tool for children with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 2014; 13(3):341-346.

21. M. L. Moy, M. Teylan, N. A. Weston, D. R. Gagnon, V. A. Danilack, E. Garshick. Daily step count is associated with plasma C-reactive protein and IL-6 in a US cohort with COPD. Chest 2014; 145(3):542-50.

22. M. L. Moy, M. Teylan, V. A. Danilack, D. R. Gagnon, E. Garshick. An index of daily step count and systemic inflammation predicts clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 11(2):149-57.

23. S.-Y. Liao, R. Benzo, A. L. Ries, X. Soler. Physical Activity Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Journal of the COPD Foundation 2014; 1(2):155-165.

24. V. A. Danilack, N. A. Weston, C. R. Richardson, D. L. Mori, M. L. Moy. Reasons Persons with COPD Do Not Walk and Relationship with Daily Step Count. COPD 2014; 11(3):290-9.

25. H. Q. Nguyen, V. S. Fan, J. Herting, et al. Patients with COPD with higher levels of anxiety are more physically active. Chest 2013; 144(1):145-51.

26. M. L. Moy, M. Teylan, N. A. Weston, D. R. Gagnon, E. Garshick. Daily step count predicts acute exacerbations in a US cohort with COPD. PLoS One 2013; 8(4):e60400.

27. H. Q. Nguyen, B. G. Steele, C. M. Dougherty, R. L. Burr. Physical activity patterns of patients with cardiopulmonary illnesses. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93(12):2360-6.

28. M. L. Moy, V. A. Danilack, N. A. Weston, E. Garshick. Daily step counts in a US cohort with COPD. Respir Med 2012; 106(7):962-969.

29. L. W. Cindy Ng, S. Jenkins, K. Hill. Accuracy and responsiveness of the stepwatch activity monitor and ActivPAL in patients with COPD when walking with and without a rollator. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34(15):1317-1322.

30. H. Q. Nguyen, R. L. Burr, D. P. Gill, K. Coleman. Validation of the StepWatch device for measurement of free-living ambulatory activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Nurs Meas 2011; 19(2):76-90.

31. F. Pitta, T. Troosters, V. S. Probst, M. A. Spruit, M. Decramer, R. Gosselink. Quantifying physical activity in daily life with questionnaires and motion sensors in COPD. Eur Respir J 2006; 27(5):1040-55.

19. Multiple Sclerosis [1-15]

1. E. Macdonald, D. Buchan, L. Cerexhe, L. Renfrew, N. Sculthorpe. Accelerometer measured physical activity and sedentary time in individuals with multiple sclerosis versus age matched controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 69:104462.

2. J. E. Sasaki, G. F. A. Bertochi, J. Meneguci, R. W. Motl. Pedometers and Accelerometers in Multiple Sclerosis: Current and New Applications. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022; 19(18):11839.

3. R. W. Motl, B. M. Sandroff, R. H. Benedict. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with processing speed, but not learning and memory, in cognitively impaired persons with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 2022; 63:103833.

4. A. Neven, A. Vanderstraeten, D. Janssens, G. Wets, P. Feys. Understanding walking activity in multiple sclerosis: step count, walking intensity and uninterrupted walking activity duration related to degree of disability. Neurol Sci 2016; 37(9):1483-90.

5. T. R. Brown, V. I. Simnad. A Randomized Crossover Trial of Dalfampridine Extended Release for Effect on Ambulatory Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis. Int J MS Care 2016; 18(4):170-6.

6. B. M. Sandroff, R. W. Motl, L. A. Pilutti, et al. Accuracy of StepWatch and ActiGraph accelerometers for measuring steps taken among persons with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9(4):e93511.

7. R. W. Motl, Y. C. Learmonth. Neurological disability and its association with walking impairment in multiple sclerosis: brief review. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2014; 4(6):491-500.

8. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

9. P. Filipovic Grcic, M. Matijaca, I. Bilic, et al. Correlation analysis of visual analogue scale and measures of walking ability in multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Belg 2013.

10. R. W. Motl, B. M. Sandroff, J. J. Sosnoff. Commercially available accelerometry as an ecologically valid measure of ambulation in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2012; 12(9):1079-88.

11. A. L. Schmidt, M. L. Pennypacker, A. H. Thrush, C. I. Leiper, R. L. Craik. Validity of the StepWatch Step Activity Monitor: preliminary findings for use in persons with Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2011; 34(1):41-45.

12. P. Filipovic Grcic, M. Matijaca, I. Lusic, V. Capkun. Responsiveness of walking-based outcome measures after multiple sclerosis relapses following steroid pulses. Med Sci Monit 2011; 17(12):CR704-10.

13. D. Gijbels, G. Alders, E. Van Hoof, et al. Predicting habitual walking performance in multiple sclerosis: relevance of capacity and self-report measures. Mult Scler 2010; 16(5):618-26.

14. M. E. Busse, O. R. Pearson, R. Van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Quantified measurement of activity provides insight into motor function and recovery in neurological disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75(6):884-8.

15. C. M. McDonald. Physical activity, health impairments, and disability in neuromuscular disease. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 81(11 Suppl):S108-20.

20. Muscular Dystrophy [1-14]

1. Z. E. Davidson, I. Hughes, M. M. Ryan, et al. Effect of a multicomponent nutritional supplement on functional outcomes for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40(7):4702-4711.

2. H. A. Hayes, D. Dibella, R. Crockett, M. Dixon, R. J. Butterfield, N. E. Johnson. Stepping Activity in Children With Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(4):335-339.

3. E. G. Fowler, L. A. Staudt, K. R. Heberer, et al. Longitudinal community walking activity in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2018; 57(3):401-406.

4. Z. E. Davidson, M. M. Ryan, A. J. Kornberg, K. Z. Walker, H. Truby. Strong Correlation Between the 6-Minute Walk Test and Accelerometry Functional Outcomes in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Child Neurol 2014.

5. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

6. A. Govoni, F. Magri, S. Brajkovic, et al. Ongoing therapeutic trials and outcome measures for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70(23):4585-602.

7. S. Oftedal, K. L. Bell, L. E. Mitchell, P. S. Davies, R. S. Ware, R. N. Boyd. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of habitual physical activity measures in young children with a motor disability. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:976425.

8. C. M. McDonald, E. K. Henricson, J. J. Han, et al. The 6-minute walk test as a new outcome measure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41(4):500-10.

9. E. Mercuri, A. Mayhew, F. Muntoni, et al. Towards harmonisation of outcome measures for DMD and SMA within TREAT-NMD; report of three expert workshops: TREAT-NMD/ENMC workshop on outcome measures, 12th–13th May 2007, Naarden, The Netherlands; TREAT-NMD workshop on outcome measures in experimental trials for DMD, 30th June–1st July 2007, Naarden, The Netherlands; conjoint Institute of Myology TREAT-NMD meeting on physical activity monitoring in neuromuscular disorders, 11th July 2007, Paris, France. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18(11):894-903.

10. C. M. Wiles, M. E. Busse, C. M. Sampson, M. T. Rogers, J. Fenton-May, R. van Deursen. Falls and stumbles in myotonic dystrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77(3):393-6.

11. M. E. Busse, C. M. Wiles, R. W. van Deursen. Community walking activity in neurological disorders with leg weakness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77(3):359-62.

12. C. M. McDonald, L. M. Widman, D. D. Walsh, S. A. Walsh, R. T. Abresch. Use of step activity monitoring for continuous physical activity assessment in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86(4):802-8.

13. M. E. Busse, O. R. Pearson, R. Van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Quantified measurement of activity provides insight into motor function and recovery in neurological disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75(6):884-8.

14. C. M. McDonald. Physical activity, health impairments, and disability in neuromuscular disease. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 81(11 Suppl):S108-20.

21. Normative [1-76]

1. L. Toth, A. E. Paluch, D. R. Bassett, Jr., et al. Comparative Analysis of ActiGraph Step Counting Methods in Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56(1):53-62.

2. N. Kowahl, S. Shin, P. Barman, E. Rainaldi, S. Popham, R. Kapur. Accuracy and Reliability of a Suite of Digital Measures of Walking Generated Using a Wrist-Worn Sensor in Healthy Individuals: Performance Characterization Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e48270.

3. A. Taoum, S. Chaudru, P.-Y. de Müllenheim, et al. Comparison of activity monitors accuracy in assessing intermittent outdoor walking. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2021; 53(6):1303-1314.

4. Z. R. Gould, J. Mora-Gonzalez, E. J. Aguiar, et al. A catalog of validity indices for step counting wearable technologies during treadmill walking: the CADENCE-Kids study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18(1):97.

5. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, et al. Daily step counts in participants with and without peripheral artery disease. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 2021; 41(3):182-187.

6. L. Bezuidenhout, C. Thurston, M. Hagstromer, D. Moulaee Conradsson. Validity of Hip and Ankle Worn Actigraph Accelerometers for Measuring Steps as a Function of Gait Speed during Steady State Walking and Continuous Turning. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21(9).

7. F. R. Svarre, M. M. Jensen, J. Nielsen, M. Villumsen. The validity of activity trackers is affected by walking speed: the criterion validity of Garmin Vivosmart((R)) HR and StepWatch() 3 for measuring steps at various walking speeds under controlled conditions. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9381.

8. J. J. Salinas, R. Valenzuela, J. Sheen, M. Carlyle, J. Gay, A. Morales. An ORBIT Phase 1: Design study of a citywide employer-based walking challenges in a predominantly Mexican American metropolitan area. J Health Psychol 2020:1359105320977650.

9. W. Johnston, P. B. Judice, P. Molina Garcia, et al. Recommendations for determining the validity of consumer wearable and smartphone step count: expert statement and checklist of the INTERLIVE network. Br J Sports Med 2020.

10. S. T. Boerema, L. van Velsen, M. M. Vollenbroek, H. J. Hermens. Pattern measures of sedentary behaviour in adults: A literature review. Digit Health 2020; 6:2055207620905418.

11. D. Witt, R. Kellogg, M. Snyder, J. Dunn. Windows Into Human Health Through Wearables Data Analytics. Curr Opin Biomed Eng 2019; 9:28-46.

12. B. Tyo, R. Spataro-Kearns, D. Bassett. Adiposity and Slow Stepping Rate Are Related to Under-Estimating Steps per Day in African American Women. Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour 2019:1-7.

13. L. P. Toth, S. Park, W. L. Pittman, et al. Effects of Brief Intermittent Walking Bouts on Step Count Accuracy of Wearable Devices. Human Kinetics 2019; 2(1):13-21.

14. G. Shin, M. H. Jarrahi, Y. Fei, et al. Wearable activity trackers, accuracy, adoption, acceptance and health impact: A systematic literature review. J Biomed Inform 2019; 93:103153.

15. C. Hochsmann, R. Knaier, D. Infanger, A. Schmidt-Trucksass. Validity of smartphones and activity trackers to measure steps in a free-living setting over three consecutive days. Physiol Meas 2019.

16. A. Boolani, C. Towler, B. LeCours, H. Blank, J. Larue, G. Fulk. Accuracy of 6 Commercially Available Activity Monitors in Measuring Heart Rate, Caloric Expenditure, Steps Walked, and Distance Traveled. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2019(30):153-161.

17. L. P. Toth, S. Park, C. M. Springer, M. D. Feyerabend, J. A. Steeves, D. R. Bassett. Video-Recorded Validation of Wearable Step Counters under Free-living Conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50(6):1315-1322.

18. A. Luchs, M. Fikus. Differently designed playgrounds and preschooler’s physical activity play. Early Child Development and Care 2018; 188(3):281-295.

19. B. H. Dobkin, C. Martinez. Wearable Sensors to Monitor, Enable Feedback, and Measure Outcomes of Activity and Practice. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18(12):87.

20. E. Ali, D. Wani, W. Ling, S. Rao. Reliability and validity of wrist-worn activity monitors in healthy young adults. Physiotherapy Practice and Research 2018; 39(2):117-124.

21. T. A. Floegel, A. Florez-Pregonero, E. B. Hekler, M. P. Buman. Validation of Consumer-Based Hip and Wrist Activity Monitors in Older Adults With Varied Ambulatory Abilities. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72(2):229-236.

22. A. K. Battenberg, S. Donohoe, N. Robertson, T. P. Schmalzried. The accuracy of personal activity monitoring devices. Seminars in Arthroplasty 2017; 28(2):71-75.

23. D. R. Bassett, Jr., L. P. Toth, S. R. LaMunion, S. E. Crouter. Step Counting: A Review of Measurement Considerations and Health-Related Applications. Sports Med 2017; 47(7):1303-1315.

24. V. R. Varma, E. J. Tan, A. L. Gross, et al. Effect of Community Volunteering on Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Prev Med 2016; 50(1):106-10.

25. L. P. Toth, D. R. Bassett, Jr., S. E. Crouter, et al. StepWatch accuracy during walking, running, and intermittent activities. Gait Posture 2016; 52:165-170.

26. C. Swank, E. Trudelle-Jackson, A. Medley, M. Thompson, A. Jackson. A Comparison of Physical Activity and Dual Task Gait Among Persons with Parkinson’s Disease and Healthy Older Adults. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 2016:1-10.

27. M. J. Major, M. Alford. Validity of the iPhone M7 motion co-processor as a pedometer for able-bodied ambulation. J Sports Sci 2016; 34(23):2160-2164.

28. M. Johnson, J. Turek, C. Dornfeld, J. Drews, N. Hansen. Validity of the Samsung Phone S Health application for assessing steps and energy expenditure during walking and running: Does phone placement matter? DIGITAL HEALTH 2016; 2:1-8.

29. A. Hickey, D. John, J. E. Sasaki, M. Mavilia, P. Freedson. Validity of Activity Monitor Step Detection Is Related to Movement Patterns. J Phys Act Health 2016; 13(2):145-53.

30. R. E. Tanner, L. B. Brunker, J. Agergaard, et al. Age-related differences in lean mass, protein synthesis and skeletal muscle markers of proteolysis after bed rest and exercise rehabilitation. J Physiol 2015; 593(18):4259-73.

31. J. M. Ryan, C. Forde, J. M. Hussey, J. Gormley. Comparison of Patterns of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Between Children With Cerebral Palsy and Children With Typical Development. Phys Ther 2015; 95(12):1609-16.

32. J. A. Kraft, W. D. Russell, N. Clark, J. Helm, A. Jackson. Influence of Experience Level on Physical Activity During Interactive Video Gaming. J Phys Act Health 2015; 12(6):794-800.

33. L. Van Wely, A. J. Dallmeijer, A. C. Balemans, C. Zhou, J. G. Becher, K. F. Bjornson. Walking activity of children with cerebral palsy and children developing typically: a comparison between the Netherlands and the United States. Disabil Rehabil 2014.

34. K. Tulchin-Francis, W. Stevens, Jr., K. A. Jeans. Intensity and duration of activity bouts decreases in healthy children between 7 and 13 years of age: a new, higher resolution method to analyze StepWatch Activity Monitor data. Physiol Meas 2014; 35(11):2239-54.

35. C. O’Donovan, E. F. Roche, J. Hussey. The energy cost of playing active video games in children with obesity and children of a healthy weight. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9(4):310-7.

36. C. Kösters, S. Bockholt, C. Müller, et al. Comparing the outcomes between Chopart, Lisfranc and multiple metatarsal shaft fractures. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2014; 134(10):1397-1404.

37. M. Kang, K. Bjornson, T. V. Barreira, B. G. Ragan, K. Song. The minimum number of days required to establish reliable physical activity estimates in children aged 2-15 years. Physiol Meas 2014; 35(11):2229-37.

38. Y. Feito, H. R. Garner, D. R. Bassett. Evaluation of ActiGraph’s Low-Frequency Filter in Lab and Free-living Environments. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014.

39. C. Dellaserra, Y. Gao, L. Ransdell. Use of integrated technology in team sports: a review of opportunities, challenges, and future directions for athletes. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2014; 28(2):556-573.

40. V. Cavalheri, S. Jenkins, N. Cecins, M. Phillips, L. Sanders, K. Hill. Patterns of sedentary behaviour and physical activity following lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer. European Respiratory Journal 2014; 44:4674.

41. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. Stevenson, D. Christakis, K. Song. Walking activity patterns in youth with cerebral palsy and youth developing typically. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 36(15):1279-84.

42. A. C. Balemans, L. van Wely, A. Middelweerd, J. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, A. J. Dallmeijer. Daily stride rate activity and heart rate response in children with cerebral palsy. J Rehabil Med 2014; 46(1):45-50.

43. K. R. Short, L. V. Pratt, A. M. Teague, C. D. Man, C. Cobelli. Postprandial improvement in insulin sensitivity after a single exercise session in adolescents with low aerobic fitness and physical activity. Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14(2):129-37.

44. C. Tudor-Locke, D. A. Rowe. Using cadence to study free-living ambulatory behaviour. Sports Med 2012; 42(5):381-398.

45. K. R. Short, L. V. Pratt, A. M. Teague. The acute and residual effect of a single exercise session on meal glucose tolerance in sedentary young adults. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012:278678.

46. M. Sheiko, K. Bjornson, J. Lisle, K. Song, J. F. Eary, E. U. Conrad, 3rd. Physical activity assessment in adolescents with limb salvage. J Pediatr 2012; 161(6):1138-41.

47. M. A. Roos, K. S. Rudolph, D. S. Reisman. The structure of walking activity in people after stroke compared with older adults without disability: a cross-sectional study. Phys Ther 2012; 92(9):1141-7.

48. S. Oftedal, K. L. Bell, L. E. Mitchell, P. S. Davies, R. S. Ware, R. N. Boyd. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of habitual physical activity measures in young children with a motor disability. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:976425.

49. Y. Feito, D. R. Bassett, D. L. Thompson. Evaluation of activity monitors in controlled and free-living environments. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 44(4):733-41.

50. L. J. Carr, M. T. Mahar. Accuracy of intensity and inclinometer output of three activity monitors for identification of sedentary behavior and light-intensity activity. J Obes 2012; 2012:1-9.

51. R. J. Bergman, J. W. Spellman, M. E. Hall, S. M. Bergman. Is there a valid app for that? Validity of a free pedometer iPhone application. J Phys Act Health 2012; 9(5):670-676.

52. N. A. Silcott, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. L. Thompson, E. C. Fitzhugh, J. A. Steeves. Evaluation of the Omron HJ-720ITC pedometer under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(9):1791-7.

53. H. Q. Nguyen, R. L. Burr, D. P. Gill, K. Coleman. Validation of the StepWatch device for measurement of free-living ambulatory activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Nurs Meas 2011; 19(2):76-90.

54. M. E. Cress, S. Orini, L. Kinsler. Living environment and mobility of older adults. Gerontology 2011; 57(3):287-94.

55. K. L. Storti, K. K. Pettee Gabriel, D. A. Underwood, L. H. Kuller, A. M. Kriska. Physical activity and coronary artery calcification in two cohorts of women representing early and late postmenopause. Menopause 2010.

56. M. S. Orendurff, J. D. Walker, M. Jovanovic, K. L. Tulchin, M. Levy, D. K. Hoffmann. Intensity and duration of intermittent exercise and recovery during a soccer match. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24(10):2683-92.

57. M. S. Orendurff, V. K. Do, C. Newman, A. Williams. How Children Walk: Bout Length during Real-World Locomotor Behavior. International Journal of Exercise Science 2010; 4(1):1-2.

58. C. M. McDonald, E. K. Henricson, J. J. Han, et al. The 6-minute walk test as a new outcome measure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41(4):500-10.

59. J. T. Cavanaugh, N. Kochi, N. Stergiou. Nonlinear analysis of ambulatory activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010; 65(2):197-203.

60. D. R. Bassett, Jr., H. R. Wyatt, H. Thompson, J. C. Peters, J. O. Hill. Pedometer-measured physical activity and health behaviors in U.S. adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42(10):1819-25.

61. C. Winter, C. Muller, M. Brandes, et al. Level of activity in children undergoing cancer treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53(3):438-43.

62. R. H. Knols, E. D. de Bruin, G. Aufdemkampe, D. Uebelhart, N. K. Aaronson. Reliability of ambulatory walking activity in patients with hematologic malignancies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90(1):58-65.

63. S. I. De Vries, H. W. Van Hirtum, I. Bakker, M. Hopman-Rock, R. A. Hirasing, W. Van Mechelen. Validity and reproducibility of motion sensors in youth: a systematic update. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41(4):818-27.

64. M. E. Busse, R. W. van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Real-life step and activity measurement: reliability and validity. J Med Eng Technol 2009; 33(1):33-41.

65. W. G. Thompson, R. C. Foster, D. S. Eide, J. A. Levine. Feasibility of a walking workstation to increase daily walking. Br J Sports Med 2008; 42(3):225-8; discussion 228.

66. M. S. Orendurff, J. A. Schoen, G. C. Bernatz, A. D. Segal, G. K. Klute. How humans walk: bout duration, steps per bout, and rest duration. J Rehabil Res Dev 2008; 45(7):1077-89.

67. J. T. Cavanaugh, K. L. Coleman, J. M. Gaines, L. Laing, M. C. Morey. Using step activity monitoring to characterize ambulatory activity in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 55(1):120-4.

68. C. M. Wiles, M. E. Busse, C. M. Sampson, M. T. Rogers, J. Fenton-May, R. van Deursen. Falls and stumbles in myotonic dystrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77(3):393-6.

69. K. M. Song, K. F. Bjornson, T. Cappello, K. Coleman. Use of the StepWatch activity monitor for characterization of normal activity levels of children. J Pediatr Orthop 2006; 26(2):245-9.

70. J. E. Berlin, K. L. Storti, J. S. Brach. Using activity monitors to measure physical activity in free-living conditions. Phys Ther 2006; 86(8):1137-45.

71. C. M. McDonald, L. M. Widman, D. D. Walsh, S. A. Walsh, R. T. Abresch. Use of step activity monitoring for continuous physical activity assessment in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86(4):802-8.

72. M. Karabulut, S. E. Crouter, D. R. Bassett, Jr. Comparison of two waist-mounted and two ankle-mounted electronic pedometers. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005; 95(4):335-343.

73. R. C. Foster, L. M. Lanningham-Foster, C. Manohar, et al. Precision and accuracy of an ankle-worn accelerometer-based pedometer in step counting and energy expenditure. Prev Med 2005; 41(3-4):778-783.

74. M. E. Busse, O. R. Pearson, R. Van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Quantified measurement of activity provides insight into motor function and recovery in neurological disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75(6):884-8.

75. M. Brandes, D. Rosenbaum. Correlations between the step activity monitor and the DynaPort ADL-monitor. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2004; 19(1):91-4.

76. E. F. Shepherd, E. Toloza, C. D. McClung, T. P. Schmalzried. Step activity monitor: increased accuracy in quantifying ambulatory activity. J Orthop Res 1999; 17(5):703-708.

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2. W. C. King, A. S. Hinerman, G. E. White, A. P. Courcoulas, S. H. Belle. Associations Between Physical Activity and Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Health-related Quality of Life Across 7 Years After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Annals of Surgery 2022; 276(6):e777-e783.

3. P. H. Price, A. M. Kaizer, T. H. Inge, R. H. Eckel. Physical activity impacts insulin sensitivity post metabolic bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44(7):1479-1486.

4. J. Zabatiero, L. Ng, R. Clayton, et al. Effectiveness of interventions aiming at reducing sedentary behaviour in a non-surgical population with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13(2):115-128.

5. G. Schmid-Mohler, P. Zala, N. Graf, et al. Comparison of a Behavioral Versus an Educational Weight Management Intervention After Renal Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Transplantation Direct 2019(5):e507.

6. P. H. Price, A. M. Kaizer, S. R. Daniels, T. M. Jenkins, T. H. Inge, R. H. Eckel. Physical Activity Improves Lipid and Weight-Loss Outcomes After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Severe Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27(6):989-996.

7. A. J. Littman, J. K. Haselkorn, D. E. Arterburn, E. J. Boyko. Pilot randomized trial of a telephone-delivered physical activity and weight management intervention for individuals with lower extremity amputation. Disabil Health J 2019; 12(1):43-50.

8. C. Flannery, M. Fredrix, E. K. Olander, F. M. McAuliffe, M. Byrne, P. M. Kearney. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for overweight and obesity during pregnancy: a systematic review of the content of behaviour change interventions. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16(1):97.

9. K. R. Short, L. V. Pratt, A. M. Teague. A single exercise session increases insulin sensitivity in normal weight and overweight/obese adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes 2018.

10. S. Krishnan, M. P. Anderson, D. A. Fields, M. Misra. Abdominal obesity adversely affects bone mass in children. World J Clin Pediatr 2018; 7(1):43-48.

11. J. R. Perreault, P. R. Geigle, P. H. Gorman, W. H. Scott. Improvement in weight loss and ambulation outcomes after gastric sleeve surgery for a person with chronic motor-incomplete tetraplegia: clinical case report. Spinal Cord 2016; 54(9):750-3.

12. W. C. King, J. Y. Chen, A. P. Courcoulas, et al. Objectively-measured sedentary time and cardiometabolic health in adults with severe obesity. Prev Med 2016; 84:12-8.

13. W. C. King, J. Y. Chen, D. S. Bond, et al. Objective assessment of changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior: Pre- through 3 years post-bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23(6):1143-50.

14. R. M. Jeffreys, T. H. Inge, T. M. Jenkins, et al. Physical activity monitoring in extremely obese adolescents from the Teen-LABORATORIES study. J Phys Act Health 2015; 12(1):132-8.

15. C. O’Donovan, E. F. Roche, J. Hussey. The energy cost of playing active video games in children with obesity and children of a healthy weight. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9(4):310-7.

16. K. L. Kong, C. G. Campbell, R. C. Foster, A. D. Peterson, L. Lanningham-Foster. A pilot walking program promotes moderate-intensity physical activity during pregnancy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 46(3):462-71.

17. K. L. Kong, C. Campbell, K. Wagner, A. Peterson, L. Lanningham-Foster. Impact of a walking intervention during pregnancy on post-partum weight retention and infant anthropometric outcomes. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2014; 5(3):259-67.

18. R. Galioto, W. C. King, D. S. Bond, et al. Physical activity and cognitive function in bariatric surgery candidates. Int J Neurosci 2014; 124(12):912-8.

19. N. Chapman, K. Hill, S. Taylor, M. Hassanali, L. Straker, J. Hamdorf. Patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior after bariatric surgery: an observational study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2014; 10(3):524-30.

20. B. M. Tyo, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. P. Coe, Y. Feito, D. L. Thompson. Effect of BMI on pedometers in early adolescents under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45(3):569-73.

21. D. M. Nguyen, V. Lecoultre, A. P. Hills, Y. Schutz. How does a hilly urban environment influence daily physical activity in obese individuals? J Phys Act Health 2013; 10(5):617-25.

22. W. C. King, M. A. Kalarchian, K. J. Steffen, B. M. Wolfe, K. A. Elder, J. E. Mitchell. Associations between physical activity and mental health among bariatric surgical candidates. J Psychosom Res 2013; 74(2):161-9.

23. L. J. Carr, K. Karvinen, M. Peavler, R. Smith, K. Cangelosi. Multicomponent intervention to reduce daily sedentary time: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2013; 3(10):e003261.

24. D. K. White, T. Neogi, Y. Zhang, et al. The association of obesity with walking independent of knee pain: the multicenter osteoarthritis study. J Obes 2012; 2012:261974.

25. W. C. King, J. Y. Hsu, S. H. Belle, et al. Pre- to postoperative changes in physical activity: report from the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery-2 (LABS-2). Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 8(5):522-32.

26. W. C. King, S. G. Engel, K. A. Elder, et al. Walking capacity of bariatric surgery candidates. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 8(1):48-59.

27. Y. Feito, D. R. Bassett, D. L. Thompson, B. M. Tyo. Effects of body mass index on step count accuracy of physical activity monitors. J Phys Act Health 2012; 9(4):594-600.

28. M. G. Browning. Accuracy of physical activity monitors in persons with class III obesity, in Kinesiology.  University of Tennessee: http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1280/. 2012; 1-73.

29. B. M. Tyo, E. C. Fitzhugh, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. John, Y. Feito, D. L. Thompson. Effects of body mass index and step rate on pedometer error in a free-living environment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(2):350-6.

30. N. A. Silcott, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. L. Thompson, E. C. Fitzhugh, J. A. Steeves. Evaluation of the Omron HJ-720ITC pedometer under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(9):1791-7.

31. W. C. King, J. Li, K. Leishear, J. E. Mitchell, S. H. Belle. Determining activity monitor wear time: an influential decision rule. J Phys Act Health 2011; 8(4):566-80.

32. N. Mitre, L. Lanningham-Foster, R. Foster, J. A. Levine. Pedometer accuracy for children: can we recommend them for our obese population? Pediatrics 2009; 123(1):e127-131.

33. W. C. King, S. H. Belle, G. M. Eid, et al. Physical activity levels of patients undergoing bariatric surgery in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2008; 4(6):721-8.

34. S. H. Belle, P. D. Berk, A. P. Courcoulas, et al. Safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery: Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2007; 3(2):116-26.

35. R. C. Foster, L. M. Lanningham-Foster, C. Manohar, et al. Precision and accuracy of an ankle-worn accelerometer-based pedometer in step counting and energy expenditure. Prev Med 2005; 41(3-4):778-783.

36. E. F. Shepherd, E. Toloza, C. D. McClung, T. P. Schmalzried. Step activity monitor: increased accuracy in quantifying ambulatory activity. J Orthop Res 1999; 17(5):703-708.

23. Orthotics [1-16]

1. A. Jor, N. W. K. Lau, A. Daryabor, T. Kobayashi. Effects of ankle-foot orthoses on step activities in the community: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46(3):464-477.

2. D. M. Wendland, P. W. Kline, K. L. Bohnert, T. M. Biven, D. R. Sinacore. Offloading of Diabetic Neuropathic Plantar Ulcers: Secondary Analysis of Step Activity and Ulcer Healing. Adv Skin Wound Care 2023; 36(4):194-200.

3. S. Prenton, K. L. Hollands, L. P. J. Kenney, P. Onmanee. Functional electrical stimulation and ankle foot orthoses provide equivalent therapeutic effects on foot drop: A meta-analysis providing direction for future research. J Rehabil Med 2018; 50(2):129-139.

4. R. Keukenkamp, M. J. Merkx, T. E. Busch-Westbroek, S. A. Bus. An Explorative Study on the Efficacy and Feasibility of the Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Footwear Adherence in Persons with Diabetes at High Risk for Foot Ulceration. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2018; 108(2):90-99.

5. Y. L. Kerkum, J. Harlaar, A. I. Buizer, J. C. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, M. A. Brehm. An individual approach for optimizing ankle-foot orthoses to improve mobility in children with spastic cerebral palsy walking with excessive knee flexion. Gait Posture 2016; 46:104-11.

6. K. Bjornson, C. Zhou, S. Fatone, M. Orendurff, R. Stevenson, S. Rashid. The Effect of Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Community-Based Walking in Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical Pilot Study. Pediatr Phys Ther 2016; 28(2):179-86.

7. T. A. Wren, J. W. Dryden, N. M. Mueske, S. W. Dennis, B. S. Healy, S. A. Rethlefsen. Comparison of 2 Orthotic Approaches in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2015; 27(3):218-26.

8. R. Waaijman, M. de Haart, M. L. Arts, et al. Risk factors for plantar foot ulcer recurrence in neuropathic diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2014; 37(6):1697-705.

9. M. W. O’Dell, K. Dunning, P. Kluding, et al. Response and prediction of improvement in gait speed from functional electrical stimulation in persons with poststroke drop foot. PM R 2014; 6(7):587-601; quiz 601.

10. P. M. Kluding, K. Dunning, M. W. O’Dell, et al. Foot drop stimulation versus ankle foot orthosis after stroke: 30-week outcomes. Stroke 2013; 44(6):1660-9.

11. S. A. Bus, R. Waaijman, F. Nollet. New monitoring technology to objectively assess adherence to prescribed footwear and assistive devices during ambulatory activity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93(11):2075-9.

12. C. Muller, K. Fuchs, C. Winter, et al. Prospective evaluation of physical activity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis or kyphosis receiving brace treatment. Eur Spine J 2011; 20(7):1127-36.

13. C. Muller, C. Winter, D. Klein, et al. Objective assessment of brace wear times and physical activities in two patients with scoliosis. Biomed Tech (Berl) 2010; 55(2):117-20.

14. E. Ayyappa, D. Craig, E. Christensen, H. Worden. Infusing Cutting Edge Technology Into Everyday Orthotic and Prosthetic Clinical Care. J Prosth Orthot 2010; 22(1):2-10.

15. J. W. Lemaster, M. J. Mueller, G. E. Reiber, D. R. Mehr, R. W. Madsen, V. S. Conn. Effect of weight-bearing activity on foot ulcer incidence in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: feet first randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther 2008; 88(11):1385-98.

16. H. Hartsell, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Brand, R. Frantz, C. Saltzman. Accuracy of a custom-designed activity monitor: implications for diabetic foot ulcer healing. J Rehabil Res Dev 2002; 39(3):395-400.

24. Other [1-24]

1. W. Stevens, Jr., F. Harlett, R. L. Wimberly, K. Tulchin-Francis. Potential limitations of measuring ambulatory activity of part-time wheelchair users: a comparative study of two research grade activity monitors. Physiol Meas 2023; 44(9).

2. S. A. Johnson, M. Karas, K. M. Burke, et al. Wearable device and smartphone data quantify ALS progression and may provide novel outcome measures. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6(1):34.

3. W. C. King, A. S. Hinerman, G. E. White, A. P. Courcoulas, S. H. Belle. Associations Between Physical Activity and Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Health-related Quality of Life Across 7 Years After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Annals of Surgery 2022; 276(6):e777-e783.

4. C. Rickert, M. Grabowski, G. Gosheger, et al. How shoulder immobilization influences daily physical activity – an accelerometer based preliminary study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21(1):126.

5. S. R. Gretler, C. J. Finno, D. S. McKemie, P. H. Kass, H. K. Knych. Metabolism, pharmacokinetics and selected pharmacodynamic effects of codeine following a single oral administration to horses. Vet Anaesth Analg 2020; 47(5):694-704.

6. C. P. Connolly, J. Dahmen, R. D. Catena, N. Campbell, A. H. K. Montoye. Physical Activity Monitor Accuracy for Overground Walking and Free-Living Conditions Among Pregnant Women. Human Kinetics 2020; 3(2):100-109.

7. R. D. Wellons, S. Duhe, S. MacDowell, et al. Validation of the StepWatch activity monitor in individuals with vestibular disorders. Physiother Theory Pract 2019:1-7.

8. G. Schmid-Mohler, P. Zala, N. Graf, et al. Comparison of a Behavioral Versus an Educational Weight Management Intervention After Renal Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Transplantation Direct 2019(5):e507.

9. B. Lullo, N. Mueske, C. Diamant, A. Van Speybroeck, D. Ryan, T. Wren. Predictors of walking activity in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019.

10. B. Schliemann, J. Glasbrenner, D. Rosenbaum, et al. Changes in gait pattern and early functional results after ACL repair are comparable to those of ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26(2):374-380.

11. K. A. Jeans, L. A. Karol, A. L. Erdman, W. R. Stevens, Jr. Functional Outcomes Following Treatment for Clubfoot: Ten-Year Follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018; 100(23):2015-2023.

12. S. Braun, E. Dillon, M. Sheiko, M. Kang, K. Bjornson, K. Song. Reliably estimating ambulatory activity in youth with arthrogryposis. Disabil Rehabil 2015:1-5.

13. C. Kösters, S. Bockholt, C. Müller, et al. Comparing the outcomes between Chopart, Lisfranc and multiple metatarsal shaft fractures. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 2014; 134(10):1397-1404.

14. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

15. S. Oftedal, K. L. Bell, L. E. Mitchell, P. S. Davies, R. S. Ware, R. N. Boyd. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of habitual physical activity measures in young children with a motor disability. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:976425.

16. M. Harris-Hayes, K. Steger-May, G. Pashos, J. C. Clohisy, H. Prather. Stride activity level in young and middle-aged adults with hip disorders. Physiother Theory Pract 2012; 28(5):333-43.

17. K. Taraldsen, T. Askim, O. Sletvold, et al. Evaluation of a body-worn sensor system to measure physical activity in older people with impaired function. Phys Ther 2011; 91(2):277-85.

18. C. Muller, K. Fuchs, C. Winter, et al. Prospective evaluation of physical activity in patients with idiopathic scoliosis or kyphosis receiving brace treatment. Eur Spine J 2011; 20(7):1127-36.

19. C. Muller, C. Winter, D. Klein, et al. Objective assessment of brace wear times and physical activities in two patients with scoliosis. Biomed Tech (Berl) 2010; 55(2):117-20.

20. E. R. Dillon, K. F. Bjornson, K. M. Jaffe, J. G. Hall, K. Song. Ambulatory activity in youth with arthrogryposis: a cohort study. J Pediatr Orthop 2009; 29(2):214-7.

21. M. E. Busse, C. M. Wiles, R. W. van Deursen. Community walking activity in neurological disorders with leg weakness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77(3):359-62.

22. M. E. Busse, O. R. Pearson, R. Van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Quantified measurement of activity provides insight into motor function and recovery in neurological disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75(6):884-8.

23. C. M. McDonald. Physical activity, health impairments, and disability in neuromuscular disease. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 81(11 Suppl):S108-20.

24. L. A. McDuffee, S. M. Stover, K. Coleman. Limb loading activity of adult horses confined to box stalls in an equine hospital barn. Am J Vet Res 2000; 61(3):234-7.

25. Parkinson’s Disease [1-20]

1. J. A. Zajac, F. Porciuncula, J. T. Cavanaugh, et al. Feasibility and Proof-of-Concept of Delivering an Autonomous Music-Based Digital Walking Intervention to Persons with Parkinson’s Disease in a Naturalistic Setting. J Parkinsons Dis 2023; 13(7):1253-1265.

2. A. E. Pechstein, J. M. Gollie, R. E. Keyser, A. A. Guccione. Walking Endurance and Oxygen Uptake On-Kinetics in Individuals With Parkinson Disease Following Overground Locomotor Training. J Neurol Phys Ther 2023; 47(2):99-111.

3. C. E. Lang, C. L. Holleran, M. J. Strube, et al. Improvement in the Capacity for Activity Versus Improvement in Performance of Activity in Daily Life During Outpatient Rehabilitation. J Neurol Phys Ther 2023; 47(1):16-25.

4. J. A. Zajac, J. T. Cavanaugh, T. Baker, et al. Does clinically measured walking capacity contribute to real-world walking performance in Parkinson’s disease? Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 2022; 105:123-127.

5. L. Ahern, P. S. Timmons, P. S. E. Lamb, D. R. McCullagh. Can behavioural change interventions improve self-efficacy and exercise adherence among people with Parkinson’s? A systematic review protocol. HRB Open Res 2022; 5:15.

6. C. L. Holleran, M. D. Bland, D. S. Reisman, T. D. Ellis, G. M. Earhart, C. E. Lang. Day-to-Day Variability of Walking Performance Measures in Individuals Poststroke and Individuals With Parkinson Disease. J Neurol Phys Ther 2020; 44(4):241-247.

7. A. Channa, N. Popescu, V. Ciobanu. Wearable Solutions for Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Neurocognitive Disorder: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20(9).

8. T. D. Ellis, J. T. Cavanaugh, T. DeAngelis, et al. Comparative Effectiveness of mHealth-Supported Exercise Compared With Exercise Alone for People With Parkinson Disease: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Phys Ther 2019; 99(2):203-216.

9. R. A. Ramdhani, A. Khojandi, O. Shylo, B. H. Kopell. Optimizing Clinical Assessments in Parkinson’s Disease Through the Use of Wearable Sensors and Data Driven Modeling. Front Comput Neurosci 2018; 12:72.

10. A. Pisal, B. Agarwal, R. Mullerpatan. Evaluation of Daily Walking Activity in Patients with Parkinson Disease. Critical Reviews™ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2018; 30(3):207-218.

11. C. Swank, E. Trudelle-Jackson, A. Medley, M. Thompson, A. Jackson. A Comparison of Physical Activity and Dual Task Gait Among Persons with Parkinson’s Disease and Healthy Older Adults. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 2016:1-10.

12. S. S. Paul, T. D. Ellis, L. E. Dibble, et al. Obtaining Reliable Estimates of Ambulatory Physical Activity in People with Parkinson’s Disease. J Parkinsons Dis 2016; 6(2):301-5.

13. J. T. Cavanaugh, T. D. Ellis, G. M. Earhart, M. P. Ford, K. B. Foreman, L. E. Dibble. Toward Understanding Ambulatory Activity Decline in Parkinson Disease. Phys Ther 2015; 95(8):1142-50.

14. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

15. T. Ellis, J. K. Boudreau, T. R. DeAngelis, et al. Barriers to exercise in people with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther 2013; 93(5):628-36.

16. J. T. Cavanaugh, T. D. Ellis, G. M. Earhart, M. P. Ford, K. B. Foreman, L. E. Dibble. Capturing ambulatory activity decline in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Phys Ther 2012; 36(2):51-7.

17. A. L. Schmidt, M. L. Pennypacker, A. H. Thrush, C. I. Leiper, R. L. Craik. Validity of the StepWatch Step Activity Monitor: preliminary findings for use in persons with Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2011; 34(1):41-45.

18. M. P. Ford, L. A. Malone, H. C. Walker, I. Nyikos, R. Yelisetty, C. S. Bickel. Step activity in persons with Parkinson’s disease. J Phys Act Health 2010; 7(6):724-9.

19. M. E. Busse, C. M. Wiles, R. W. van Deursen. Community walking activity in neurological disorders with leg weakness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77(3):359-62.

20. M. E. Busse, O. R. Pearson, R. Van Deursen, C. M. Wiles. Quantified measurement of activity provides insight into motor function and recovery in neurological disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75(6):884-8.

26. Pediatrics [1-89]

1. M. R. Lee, J. L. Hicks, T. A. L. Wren, S. L. Delp. Independently ambulatory children with spina bifida experience near-typical knee and ankle joint moments and forces during walking. Gait Posture 2023; 99:1-8.

2. W. R. Stevens, Jr., J. M. Borchard, P. Sleeper, et al. Inclusive community playgrounds benefit typically developing children: An objective analysis of physical activity. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:1100574.

3. C. Church, I. Biermann, N. Lennon, et al. Walking activity after multilevel orthopedic surgery in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2022.

4. M. W. Shrader, C. Church, N. Lennon, et al. Well-Being of Ambulatory Adults With Cerebral Palsy: Education, Employment, and Physical Function of a Cohort Who Received Specialized Pediatric Care. Frontiers in Neurology 2021; 12.

5. C. Hurd, D. Livingstone, K. Brunton, et al. Early, intensive rehabilitation improves gross motor function after perinatal stroke: results of a randomized controlled trial. medRxiv 2021.

6. Z. E. Davidson, I. Hughes, M. M. Ryan, et al. Effect of a multicomponent nutritional supplement on functional outcomes for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40(7):4702-4711.

7. E. E. Wentz, K. F. Bjornson, C. I. Kerfeld, N. Cicirello, A. L. Fiss. Walking Performance, Physical Activity, and Validity of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance in Young Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2020; 40(5):557-570.

8. M. Stahlhut, J. Downs, K. Wong, A. M. Bisgaard, E. Nordmark. Feasibility and Effectiveness of an Individualized 12-Week “Uptime” Participation (U-PART) Intervention in Girls and Women With Rett Syndrome. Phys Ther 2020; 100(1):168-179.

9. A. Romano, T. Capri, M. Semino, I. Bizzego, G. Di Rosa, R. A. Fabio. Gross Motor, Physical Activity and Musculoskeletal Disorder Evaluation Tools for Rett Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Dev Neurorehabil 2020; 23(8):485-501.

10. S. A. Rethlefsen, M. A. Bent, N. M. Mueske, T. A. L. Wren. Relationships among classifications of impairment and measures of ambulatory function for children with spina bifida. Disabil Rehabil 2020:1-5.

11. P. H. Price, A. M. Kaizer, T. H. Inge, R. H. Eckel. Physical activity impacts insulin sensitivity post metabolic bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44(7):1479-1486.

12. L. Ha, D. Mizrahi, C. E. Wakefield, R. J. Cohn, D. Simar, C. Signorelli. The Use of Activity Trackers in Interventions for Childhood Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020.

13. J. Downs, M. Lotan, C. Elefant, et al. Implementing telehealth support to increase physical activity in girls and women with Rett syndrome-ActivRett: protocol for a waitlist randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10(12):e042446.

14. D. V. Runco, L. Yoon, S. A. Grooss, C. K. Wong. Nutrition & Exercise Interventions in Pediatric Patients with Brain Tumors: A Narrative Review. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2019; 2019(54):163-168.

15. P. H. Price, A. M. Kaizer, S. R. Daniels, T. M. Jenkins, T. H. Inge, R. H. Eckel. Physical Activity Improves Lipid and Weight-Loss Outcomes After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Severe Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27(6):989-996.

16. T. A. Niiler, K. Nicholson, L. Fischer, N. Lennon. Factors influencing post-surgical variability in StepWatch data in youth with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2019; 72:234-238.

17. K. Mattern-Baxter, J. Looper, C. Zhou, K. Bjornson. Low-Intensity vs High-Intensity Home-Based Treadmill Training and Walking Attainment in Young Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019.

18. B. Lullo, N. Mueske, C. Diamant, A. Van Speybroeck, D. Ryan, T. Wren. Predictors of walking activity in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019.

19. M. A. Lobo, M. L. Hall, B. Greenspan, P. Rohloff, L. A. Prosser, B. A. Smith. Wearables for Pediatric Rehabilitation: How to Optimally Design and Use Products to Meet the Needs of Users. Phys Ther 2019; 99(6):647-657.

20. K. Bjornson, A. Fiss, L. Avery, et al. Longitudinal trajectories of physical activity and walking performance by gross motor function classification system level for children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2019:1-9.

21. S. Wittry, E. Tsao, K. Bjornson. Are clinic-based walking measures associated with community walking activity in children with cerebral palsy? J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2018; 11(1):23-30.

22. K. R. Short, L. V. Pratt, A. M. Teague. A single exercise session increases insulin sensitivity in normal weight and overweight/obese adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes 2018.

23. J. Omura, M. Fuentes, K. Bjornson. Participation in Daily Life: Influence on Quality of Life in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy. PM R 2018; 10(11):1185-1191.

24. K. Nicholson, N. Lennon, C. Church, F. Miller. Gait Analysis Parameters and Walking Activity Pre- and Postoperatively in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(3):203-207.

25. A. Luchs, M. Fikus. Differently designed playgrounds and preschooler’s physical activity play. Early Child Development and Care 2018; 188(3):281-295.

26. S. Krishnan, M. P. Anderson, D. A. Fields, M. Misra. Abdominal obesity adversely affects bone mass in children. World J Clin Pediatr 2018; 7(1):43-48.

27. K. A. Jeans, L. A. Karol, A. L. Erdman, W. R. Stevens, Jr. Functional Outcomes Following Treatment for Clubfoot: Ten-Year Follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018; 100(23):2015-2023.

28. H. A. Hayes, D. Dibella, R. Crockett, M. Dixon, R. J. Butterfield, N. E. Johnson. Stepping Activity in Children With Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(4):335-339.

29. S. Braun, K. Bjornson, E. Dillon-Naftolin, M. Sheiko, K. Song, M. Kang. Reliability of StepWatch Activity Monitor to Measure Locomotor Activity in Youth With Lower Limb Salvage. Pediatr Phys Ther 2018; 30(3):217-221.

30. K. F. Bjornson, N. Moreau, A. W. Bodkin. Short-burst interval treadmill training walking capacity and performance in cerebral palsy: a pilot study. Dev Neurorehabil 2018:1-8.

31. W. R. Stevens, Jr., K. Tulchin-Francis. Interval setting selection affects ambulatory activity outputs in children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2017; 57:69-73.

32. K. Nicholson, A. Weaver, A. George, R. Hulbert, C. Church, N. Lennon. Developing a Clinical Protocol for Habitual Physical Activity Monitoring in Youth With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2017; 29(1):2-7.

33. K. Nicholson, N. Lennon, R. Hulbert, C. Church, F. Miller. Pre-operative walking activity in youth with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2017; 60:77-82.

34. C. Hurd, D. Livingstone, K. Brunton, et al. Early Intensive Leg Training to Enhance Walking in Children With Perinatal Stroke: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther 2017; 97(8):818-825.

35. M. Gotte, C. C. Seidel, S. V. Kesting, D. Rosenbaum, J. Boos. Objectively measured versus self-reported physical activity in children and adolescents with cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12(2):e0172216.

36. P. Yasmeh, N. M. Mueske, S. Yasmeh, D. D. Ryan, T. A. Wren. Walking activity during daily living in children with myelomeningocele. Disabil Rehabil 2016:1-6.

37. M. Wininger, K. Bjornson. Filtering for productive activity changes outcomes in step-based monitoring among children. Physiol Meas 2016; 37(12):2231-2244.

38. N. C. Wilson, S. Mudge, N. S. Stott. Variability of total step activity in children with cerebral palsy: influence of definition of a day on participant retention within the study. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:411.

39. M. E. O’Neil, M. Fragala-Pinkham, N. Lennon, A. George, J. Forman, S. G. Trost. Reliability and Validity of Objective Measures of Physical Activity in Youth With Cerebral Palsy Who Are Ambulatory. Phys Ther 2016; 96(1):37-45.

40. C. Muller, K. A. Krauth, J. Gerss, D. Rosenbaum. Physical activity and health-related quality of life in pediatric cancer patients following a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation program. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24(9):3793-802.

41. K. Mann, E. Tsao, K. F. Bjornson. Physical activity and walking performance: Influence on quality of life in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2016; 9(4):279-286.

42. Y. L. Kerkum, J. Harlaar, A. I. Buizer, J. C. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, M. A. Brehm. An individual approach for optimizing ankle-foot orthoses to improve mobility in children with spastic cerebral palsy walking with excessive knee flexion. Gait Posture 2016; 46:104-11.

43. A. J. Hilderley, D. Fehlings, G. W. Lee, F. V. Wright. Comparison of a robotic-assisted gait training program with a program of functional gait training for children with cerebral palsy: design and methods of a two group randomized controlled cross-over trial. Springerplus 2016; 5(1):1886.

44. P. S. Dasari, B. S. Gandomani, A. M. Teague, A. Pitale, M. Otto, K. R. Short. Glycemic Variability Is Associated with Markers of Vascular Stress in Adolescents. The journal of pediatrics 2016; 172:47-55.

45. K. Bjornson, C. Zhou, S. Fatone, M. Orendurff, R. Stevenson, S. Rashid. The Effect of Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Community-Based Walking in Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical Pilot Study. Pediatr Phys Ther 2016; 28(2):179-86.

46. T. A. Wren, J. W. Dryden, N. M. Mueske, S. W. Dennis, B. S. Healy, S. A. Rethlefsen. Comparison of 2 Orthotic Approaches in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2015; 27(3):218-26.

47. N. C. Wilson, N. Signal, Y. Naude, D. Taylor, N. S. Stott. Gait Deviation Index Correlates With Daily Step Activity in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 96(10):1924-7.

48. J. M. Ryan, C. Forde, J. M. Hussey, J. Gormley. Comparison of Patterns of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Between Children With Cerebral Palsy and Children With Typical Development. Phys Ther 2015; 95(12):1609-16.

49. R. M. Jeffreys, T. H. Inge, T. M. Jenkins, et al. Physical activity monitoring in extremely obese adolescents from the Teen-LABORATORIES study. J Phys Act Health 2015; 12(1):132-8.

50. S. Braun, E. Dillon, M. Sheiko, M. Kang, K. Bjornson, K. Song. Reliably estimating ambulatory activity in youth with arthrogryposis. Disabil Rehabil 2015:1-5.

51. L. Van Wely, A. J. Dallmeijer, A. C. Balemans, C. Zhou, J. G. Becher, K. F. Bjornson. Walking activity of children with cerebral palsy and children developing typically: a comparison between the Netherlands and the United States. Disabil Rehabil 2014.

52. L. Van Wely, A. C. Balemans, J. G. Becher, A. J. Dallmeijer. Physical activity stimulation program for children with cerebral palsy did not improve physical activity: a randomised trial. J Physiother 2014; 60(1):40-9.

53. K. Tulchin-Francis, W. Stevens, Jr., K. A. Jeans. Intensity and duration of activity bouts decreases in healthy children between 7 and 13 years of age: a new, higher resolution method to analyze StepWatch Activity Monitor data. Physiol Meas 2014; 35(11):2239-54.

54. C. O’Donovana, P. Greally, G. Canny, P. McNally, J. Husseya. Active video games as an exercise tool for children with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 2014; 13(3):341-346.

55. C. O’Donovan, E. F. Roche, J. Hussey. The energy cost of playing active video games in children with obesity and children of a healthy weight. Pediatr Obes 2014; 9(4):310-7.

56. C. Muller, C. Winter, J. Boos, et al. Effects of an exercise intervention on bone mass in pediatric bone tumor patients. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35(8):696-703.

57. P. Keawutan, K. Bell, P. S. Davies, R. N. Boyd. Systematic review of the relationship between habitual physical activity and motor capacity in children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35(6):1301-9.

58. M. Kang, K. Bjornson, T. V. Barreira, B. G. Ragan, K. Song. The minimum number of days required to establish reliable physical activity estimates in children aged 2-15 years. Physiol Meas 2014; 35(11):2229-37.

59. Z. E. Davidson, M. M. Ryan, A. J. Kornberg, K. Z. Walker, H. Truby. Strong Correlation Between the 6-Minute Walk Test and Accelerometry Functional Outcomes in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Child Neurol 2014.

60. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. D. Stevenson, D. Christakis. Relation of stride activity and participation in mobility-based life habits among children with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95(2):360-8.

61. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. Stevenson, D. Christakis, K. Song. Walking activity patterns in youth with cerebral palsy and youth developing typically. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 36(15):1279-84.

62. A. C. Balemans, L. van Wely, A. Middelweerd, J. van den Noort, J. G. Becher, A. J. Dallmeijer. Daily stride rate activity and heart rate response in children with cerebral palsy. J Rehabil Med 2014; 46(1):45-50.

63. J. F. Yang, D. Livingstone, K. Brunton, et al. Training to enhance walking in children with cerebral palsy: are we missing the window of opportunity? Semin Pediatr Neurol 2013; 20(2):106-15.

64. C. C. Winter, C. Muller, J. Hardes, G. Gosheger, J. Boos, D. Rosenbaum. The effect of individualized exercise interventions during treatment in pediatric patients with a malignant bone tumor. Support Care Cancer 2013; 21(6):1629-36.

65. B. M. Tyo, D. R. Bassett, Jr., D. P. Coe, Y. Feito, D. L. Thompson. Effect of BMI on pedometers in early adolescents under free-living conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45(3):569-73.

66. K. R. Short, L. V. Pratt, A. M. Teague, C. D. Man, C. Cobelli. Postprandial improvement in insulin sensitivity after a single exercise session in adolescents with low aerobic fitness and physical activity. Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14(2):129-37.

67. S. Ishikawa, M. Kang, K. F. Bjornson, K. Song. Reliably measuring ambulatory activity levels of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94(1):132-7.

68. K. F. Bjornson, C. Zhou, R. Stevenson, D. A. Christakis. Capacity to Participation in Cerebral Palsy: Evidence of an Indirect Path Via Performance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013.

69. L. Van Wely, J. G. Becher, A. C. Balemans, A. J. Dallmeijer. Ambulatory activity of children with cerebral palsy: which characteristics are important? Dev Med Child Neurol 2012.

70. S. Oftedal, K. L. Bell, L. E. Mitchell, P. S. Davies, R. S. Ware, R. N. Boyd. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of habitual physical activity measures in young children with a motor disability. Int J Pediatr 2012; 2012:976425.

71. J. B. Christy, C. G. Chapman, P. Murphy. The effect of intense physical therapy for children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2012; 5(3):159-70.

72. K. F. Bjornson, D. Yung, K. Jacques, R. L. Burr, D. Christakis. StepWatch stride counting: Accuracy, precision, and prediction of energy expenditure in children. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2012; 5(1):7-14.

73. K. M. Clanchy, S. M. Tweedy, R. Boyd. Measurement of habitual physical activity performance in adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2011; 53(6):499-505.

74. K. F. Bjornson, K. Song, C. Zhou, K. Coleman, M. Myaing, S. L. Robinson. Walking stride rate patterns in children and youth. Pediatr Phys Ther 2011; 23(4):354-63.

75. L. Van Wely, J. G. Becher, H. A. Reinders-Messelink, et al. LEARN 2 MOVE 7-12 years: a randomized controlled trial on the effects of a physical activity stimulation program in children with cerebral palsy. BMC Pediatr 2010; 10:77.

76. M. S. Orendurff, V. K. Do, C. Newman, A. Williams. How Children Walk: Bout Length during Real-World Locomotor Behavior. International Journal of Exercise Science 2010; 4(1):1-2.

77. C. M. McDonald, E. K. Henricson, J. J. Han, et al. The 6-minute walk test as a new outcome measure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41(4):500-10.

78. C. M. Capio, C. H. Sit, B. Abernethy, E. R. Rotor. Physical activity measurement instruments for children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2010; 52(10):908-16.

79. C. Winter, C. Muller, M. Brandes, et al. Level of activity in children undergoing cancer treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53(3):438-43.

80. N. Mitre, L. Lanningham-Foster, R. Foster, J. A. Levine. Pedometer accuracy for children: can we recommend them for our obese population? Pediatrics 2009; 123(1):e127-131.

81. E. R. Dillon, K. F. Bjornson, K. M. Jaffe, J. G. Hall, K. Song. Ambulatory activity in youth with arthrogryposis: a cohort study. J Pediatr Orthop 2009; 29(2):214-7.

82. S. I. De Vries, H. W. Van Hirtum, I. Bakker, M. Hopman-Rock, R. A. Hirasing, W. Van Mechelen. Validity and reproducibility of motion sensors in youth: a systematic update. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41(4):818-27.

83. E. Mercuri, A. Mayhew, F. Muntoni, et al. Towards harmonisation of outcome measures for DMD and SMA within TREAT-NMD; report of three expert workshops: TREAT-NMD/ENMC workshop on outcome measures, 12th–13th May 2007, Naarden, The Netherlands; TREAT-NMD workshop on outcome measures in experimental trials for DMD, 30th June–1st July 2007, Naarden, The Netherlands; conjoint Institute of Myology TREAT-NMD meeting on physical activity monitoring in neuromuscular disorders, 11th July 2007, Paris, France. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18(11):894-903.

84. K. F. Bjornson, B. Belza, D. Kartin, R. Logsdon, J. McLaughlin, E. A. Thompson. The relationship of physical activity to health status and quality of life in cerebral palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 2008; 20(3):247-53.

85. K. F. Bjornson, B. Belza, D. Kartin, R. Logsdon, J. F. McLaughlin. Ambulatory physical activity performance in youth with cerebral palsy and youth who are developing typically. Physical Therapy 2007; 87(3):248-57; discussion 257-260.

86. K. M. Song, K. F. Bjornson, T. Cappello, K. Coleman. Use of the StepWatch activity monitor for characterization of normal activity levels of children. J Pediatr Orthop 2006; 26(2):245-9.

87. C. M. McDonald, L. M. Widman, D. D. Walsh, S. A. Walsh, R. T. Abresch. Use of step activity monitoring for continuous physical activity assessment in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86(4):802-8.

88. C. M. McDonald, L. Widman, R. T. Abresch, S. A. Walsh, D. D. Walsh. Utility of a step activity monitor for the measurement of daily ambulatory activity in children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86(4):793-801.

89. K. F. Bjornson, B. Belza. Ambulatory activity monitoring in youth: state of the science. Pediatr Phys Ther 2004; 16(2):82-9.

27. Peripheral Artery Disease [1-28]

1. R. J. Mays, R. Kahnke, E. N. Schorr, D. Treat-Jacobson. Relation of non-exercise walking activity with exercise performance in patients with peripheral artery disease: NEW activity for PAD. J Vasc Nurs 2023; 41(1):1-5.

2. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, S. Zhang, et al. Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Meeting Physical Activity Time-Intensity Guidelines in Patients With Claudication. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2023; 43(2):135-142.

3. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, M. Liang. Effects of Long-Term Home Exercise in Participants With Peripheral Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12(21):e029755.

4. A. Le Faucheur, P. Jéhannin, A. Chanteau, et al. A Multicenter, Investigator-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Calf Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Program on Walking Performance in Peripheral Artery Disease: The ELECTRO-PAD Study Protocol. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022; 11(24):7261.

5. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, S. Zhang, et al. Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Meeting Physical Activity Time-Intensity Guidelines in Patients With Claudication. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 2022:10.1097.

6. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, B. Shen, S. Zhang, W. A. Pomilla. Association Between Meeting Physical Activity Time-Intensity Guidelines With Ambulation, Quality of Life, and Inflammation in Claudication. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2022.

7. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, B. Shen, A. Afaq, A. Khurana. Light and moderate intensity physical activity are associated with better ambulation, quality of life, and vascular measurements in patients with claudication. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2022; 75(5):1739-1749.

8. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, B. Shen. Minimal clinically important differences in daily physical activity outcomes following supervised and home-based exercise in peripheral artery disease. Vascular Medicine 2022; 27(2):142-149.

9. R. J. Mays, C. W. Wesselman, R. White, et al. Automated Detection of Exercise Sessions in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: EVIDENCE FOR AN EXERCISE DOSE RESPONSE TO TRAINING. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2021; 41(3):176-181.

10. P. Jéhannin, A. Le Faucheur, S. Chaudru, A. Taoum, G. Mahé, P.-Y. De Müllenheim. Agreement Between StepWatch3 and ActiGraph wGT3X+ for Measuring Step-Based Metrics in People With Peripheral Artery Disease. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 2021; 30(2):225-236.

11. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang, et al. Daily step counts in participants with and without peripheral artery disease. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 2021; 41(3):182-187.

12. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, M. Wang. Minimal clinically important differences in treadmill, 6-minute walk, and patient-based outcomes following supervised and home-based exercise in peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2018; 23(4):349-357.

13. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, Y. D. Zhao, et al. Association between daily walking and antioxidant capacity in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2017; 65(6):1762-1768.

14. A. W. Gardner, S. R. Waldstein, P. S. Montgomery, Y. D. Zhao. Effect of cognitive status on exercise performance and quality of life in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2016; 63(1):98-104.

15. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery. Predictors of Improved Walking after a Supervised Walking Exercise Program in Men and Women with Peripheral Artery Disease. Int J Vasc Med 2016; 2016:2191350.

16. B. Q. Farah, R. M. Ritti-Dias, P. S. Montgomery, A. I. Casanegra, F. Silva-Palacios, A. W. Gardner. Sedentary behavior is associated with impaired biomarkers in claudicants. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2016; 63(3):657-663.

17. B. Q. Farah, R. M. Ritti-Dias, G. G. Cucato, P. S. Montgomery, A. W. Gardner. Factors Associated with Sedentary Behavior in Patients with Intermittent Claudication. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52(6):809-814.

18. P. Y. de Mullenheim, S. Chaudru, G. Mahe, J. Prioux, A. Le Faucheur. Clinical Interest of Ambulatory Assessment of Physical Activity and Walking Capacity in Peripheral Artery Disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 26(7):716-30.

19. K. Mauer, A. W. Gardner, T. W. Dasari, et al. Clot strength is negatively associated with ambulatory function in patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. Angiology 2015; 66(4):354-9.

20. K. Mauer, J. E. Exaire, J. A. Stoner, J. F. Saucedo, P. S. Montgomery, A. W. Gardner. Effect of exercise training on clot strength in patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication: An ancillary study. SAGE Open Med 2015; 3:2050312115575938.

21. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, et al. Gender and racial differences in endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2015; 61(5):1249-57.

22. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery. Sex-specific predictors of improved walking with step-monitored, home-based exercise in peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2015; 20(5):424-31.

23. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, S. M. Blevins. Step-monitored home exercise improves ambulation, vascular function, and inflammation in symptomatic patients with peripheral artery disease: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3(5):e001107.

24. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, S. M. Blevins. Diabetic women are poor responders to exercise rehabilitation in the treatment of claudication. J Vasc Surg 2014; 59(4):1036-43.

25. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, K. J. Scott, S. M. Blevins. Efficacy of quantified home-based exercise and supervised exercise in patients with intermittent claudication: a randomized controlled trial. Circulation 2011; 123(5):491-8.

26. A. W. Gardner, D. E. Parker, P. S. Montgomery, A. Khurana, R. M. Ritti-Dias, S. M. Blevins. Gender differences in daily ambulatory activity patterns in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 2010; 52(5):1204-10.

27. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, K. J. Scott, S. M. Blevins, A. Afaq, R. Nael. Association between daily ambulatory activity patterns and exercise performance in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 2008; 48(5):1238-44.

28. A. W. Gardner, P. S. Montgomery, K. J. Scott, A. Afaq, S. M. Blevins. Patterns of ambulatory activity in subjects with and without intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 2007; 46(6):1208-14.

28. Polio [1, 2]

1. F. S. Koopman, A. Beelen, K. H. Gerrits, et al. Exercise therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy to improve fatigue, daily activity performance and quality of life in postpoliomyelitis syndrome: the protocol of the FACTS-2-PPS trial. BMC Neurol 2010; 10:8.

2. M. G. Klein, L. E. Braitman, R. Costello, M. A. Keenan, A. Esquenazi. Actual and perceived activity levels in polio survivors and older controls: a longitudinal study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008; 89(2):297-303.

29. Pregnancy [1-4]

1. A. H. K. Montoye, J. Dahmen, N. Campbell, C. P. Connolly. Accuracy of Physical Activity Monitors for Steps and Calorie Measurement During Pregnancy Walking. Human Kinetics 2020; 2(3):143-156.

2. C. Flannery, M. Fredrix, E. K. Olander, F. M. McAuliffe, M. Byrne, P. M. Kearney. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for overweight and obesity during pregnancy: a systematic review of the content of behaviour change interventions. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16(1):97.

3. K. L. Kong, C. G. Campbell, R. C. Foster, A. D. Peterson, L. Lanningham-Foster. A pilot walking program promotes moderate-intensity physical activity during pregnancy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 46(3):462-71.

4. K. L. Kong, C. Campbell, K. Wagner, A. Peterson, L. Lanningham-Foster. Impact of a walking intervention during pregnancy on post-partum weight retention and infant anthropometric outcomes. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2014; 5(3):259-67.

30. Prosthetics [1-54]

1. C. K. Wong, G. A. Youdan, S. T. Chihuri. Beyond exercise. Can application of manual therapy before exercise benefit a low functioning person with limb loss? A case study. J Man Manip Ther 2023; 31(5):383-389.

2. J. M. Sions, M. Seth, E. H. Beisheim-Ryan, G. E. Hicks, R. T. Pohlig, J. R. Horne. Adults with lower-limb amputation: Reduced multifidi muscle activity and extensor muscle endurance is associated with worse physical performance. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2023; 43(5):354-364.

3. J. T. Maikos, B. D. Hendershot, A. L. Pruziner, et al. Criteria for Advanced Prosthetic Foot Prescription: Rationale, Design, and Protocol for a Multisite, Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45612.

4. A. Demeco, A. Frizziero, C. Nuresi, et al. Gait Alteration in Individual with Limb Loss: The Role of Inertial Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23(4).

5. C. K. Wong, E. E. Vandervort, K. M. Moran, C. M. Adler, S. T. Chihuri, G. A. Youdan Jr. Walking asymmetry and its relation to patient-reported and performance-based outcome measures in individuals with unilateral lower limb loss. International Biomechanics 2022; 9(1):33-41.

6. M. Seth, R. T. Pohlig, G. E. Hicks, J. M. Sions. Clinical mobility metrics estimate and characterize physical activity following lower-limb amputation. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2022; 14(1):1-11.

7. B. Godfrey, C. Duncan, T. Rosenbaum-Chou. Comparison of Self-Reported vs Objective Measures of Long-Term Community Ambulation in Lower Limb Prosthesis Users. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2022; 4(3):100220.

8. J. D. Smith, G. Guerra. Quantifying Step Count and Oxygen Consumption with Portable Technology during the 2-Min Walk Test in People with Lower Limb Amputation. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21(6).

9. M. Seth, R. T. Pohlig, E. H. Beisheim-Ryan, et al. Residual and sound limb hip strength distinguish between sedentary and nonsedentary adults with transtibial amputation. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 2021; 45(2):137-145.

10. N. J. Rosenblatt, A. Stachowiak, C. Reddin. Prosthetic disuse leads to lower balance confidence in a long-term user of a transtibial prosthesis.  Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 140 Huguenot Street, 3rd Floor New …. 2021.

11. B. C. Pousett B, Labbé D, Miller WC. A mixed-methods study on prosthesis use among older Canadians with lower-limb amputations. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journa 2021; 4(1):1-11.

12. M. Mellema, P. Mirtaheri, T. Gjøvaag. Relationship between level of daily activity and upper-body aerobic capacity in adults with a lower limb amputation. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 2021; 45(4):343-349.

13. B. Kaluf, C. Cox, E. Shoemaker. Hydraulic- and Microprocessor-Controlled Ankle-Foot Prostheses for Limited Community Ambulators with Unilateral Transtibial Amputation: Pilot Study. JPO: Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 2021; 33(4):294-303.

14. P. B., B. C., L. D., M. W.C. A mixed-methods study on prosthesis use among older Canadians with lower-limb amputations. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal 2021; 4(1):1-10.

15. A. Jamieson, L. Murray, A. Buis. THE USE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OUTCOMES IN REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS FOR LOWER LIMB AMPUTEES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal 2020; 3(1):1-15.

16. E. G. Halsne, J. M. Czerniecki, J. B. Shofer, D. C. Morgenroth. The effect of prosthetic foot stiffness on foot-ankle biomechanics and relative foot stiffness perception in people with transtibial amputation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2020; 80:105141.

17. G. Fiedler, A. Singh, X. Zhang. Effect of temperature-control liner materials on long-term outcomes of lower limb prosthesis use: a randomized controlled trial protocol. Trials 2020; 21(1):61.

18. P. M. Stevens, S. R. Wurdeman. Prosthetic Knee Selection for Individuals with Unilateral Transfemoral Amputation: A Clinical Practice Guideline. J Prosthet Orthot 2019; 31(1):2-8.

19. A. J. Littman, J. K. Haselkorn, D. E. Arterburn, E. J. Boyko. Pilot randomized trial of a telephone-delivered physical activity and weight management intervention for individuals with lower extremity amputation. Disabil Health J 2019; 12(1):43-50.

20. J. M. Sions, E. S. Arch, J. R. Horne. Self-Reported Functional Mobility, Balance Confidence, and Prosthetic Use Are Associated With Daily Step Counts Among Individuals With a Unilateral Transtibial Amputation. Journal of Physical Acitivity & Health 2018; 15(6):423-429.

21. M. E. Pepin, K. G. Akers, S. S. Galen. Physical activity in individuals with lower extremity amputations: a narrative review AU. Physical Therapy Reviews 2018; 23(2):77-87.

22. S. J. Morgan, C. L. McDonald, E. G. Halsne, et al. Laboratory- and community-based health outcomes in people with transtibial amputation using crossover and energy-storing prosthetic feet: A randomized crossover trial. PLoS One 2018; 13(2):e0189652.

23. B. Godfrey, J. Berdan, M. Nuntapreda, T. R. Chou. The Accuracy and validity of Modus Trex activity monitor in determining functional level in veterans with transtibial amputations. JPO 2018; 30(1):20-30.

24. E. S. Arch, J. M. Sions, J. Horne, B. A. Bodt. Step count accuracy of StepWatch and FitBit One among individuals with a unilateral transtibial amputation. Prosthet Orthot Int 2018; 42(5):518-526.

25. J. G. Wasser, D. C. Herman, M. Horodyski, et al. Exercise intervention for unilateral amputees with low back pain: study protocol for a randomised, controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18(1):630.

26. B. Imam, W. C. Miller, H. Finlayson, J. J. Eng, T. Jarus. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility of the Wii Fit for improving walking in older adults with lower limb amputation. Clin Rehabil 2017; 31(1):82-92.

27. M. J. Bosse, D. Teague, L. Reider, et al. Outcomes After Severe Distal Tibia, Ankle, and/or Foot Trauma: Comparison of Limb Salvage Versus Transtibial Amputation (OUTLET). J Orthop Trauma 2017; 31 Suppl 1:S48-S55.

28. M. J. Bosse, S. Morshed, L. Reider, et al. Transtibial Amputation Outcomes Study (TAOS): Comparing Transtibial Amputation With and Without a Tibiofibular Synostosis (Ertl) Procedure. J Orthop Trauma 2017; 31 Suppl 1:S63-S69.

29. A. D. Segal, G. K. Klute. Residual limb skin temperature and thermal comfort in people with amputation during activity in a cold environment. J Rehabil Res Dev 2016; 53(5):619-628.

30. M. S. Orendurff, S. U. Raschke, L. Winder, D. Moe, D. A. Boone, T. Kobayashi. Functional level assessment of individuals with transtibial limb loss: Evaluation in the clinical setting versus objective community ambulatory activity. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 2016; 3:1-6.

31. M. S. Orendurff, T. Kobayashi, C. Q. Villarosa, K. L. Coleman, D. A. Boone. Comparison of a computerized algorithm and prosthetists’ judgment in rating functional levels based on daily step activity in transtibial amputees. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 2016; 3:1-8.

32. A. Mandel, MscOt, K. Paul, et al. Balance confidence and activity of community-dwelling patients with transtibial amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev 2016; 53(5):551-560.

33. G. K. Klute, K. J. Bates, J. S. Berge, W. Biggs, C. King. Prosthesis management of residual-limb perspiration with subatmospheric vacuum pressure. J Rehabil Res Dev 2016; 53(6):721-728.

34. M. J. Highsmith, J. T. Kahle, M. M. Wernke, et al. Effects of the Genium Knee System on Functional Level, Stair Ambulation, Perceptive and Economic Outcomes in Transfemoral Amputees. Technol Innov 2016; 18(2-3):139-150.

35. L. Desveaux, R. S. Goldstein, S. Mathur, et al. Physical Activity in Adults with Diabetes Following Prosthetic Rehabilitation. Can J Diabetes 2016; 40(4):336-41.

36. S. U. Raschke, M. S. Orendurff, J. L. Mattie, et al. Biomechanical characteristics, patient preference and activity level with different prosthetic feet: a randomized double blind trial with laboratory and community testing. J Biomech 2015; 48(1):146-152.

37. B. Hafner, R. Askew. Physical performance and self-report outcomes associated with use of passive, adaptive, and active prosthetic knees in persons with unilateral, transfemoral amputation: Randomized crossover trial. JRRD 2015; 52(6):677-700.

38. J. T. Kahle, J. J. Orriola, W. Johnston, M. J. Highsmith. The effects of vacuum-assisted suspension on residual limb physiology, wound healing, and function: a systematic review. Technology & Innovation 2014; 15(4):333-341.

39. B. Hordacre, C. Barr, M. Crotty. Use of an activity monitor and GPS device to assess community activity and participation in transtibial amputees. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14(4):5845-59.

40. C. K. G. Chu, M. S. Wong. Comparison of prosthetic outcomes between adolescent transtibial and transfemoral amputees after Sichuan earthquake using Step Activity Monitor and Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 2014; 40(1):58-64.

41. A. Jayaraman, S. Deeny, Y. Eisenberg, G. Mathur, T. Kuiken. Global Position Sensing and Step Activity as Outcome Measures of Community Mobility and Social Interaction for an Individual With a Transfemoral Amputation Due to Dysvascular Disease. Phys Ther 2013.

42. E. G. Halsne, M. G. Waddingham, B. J. Hafner. Long-term activity in and among persons with transfemoral amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev 2013; 50(4):515-30.

43. J. E. Sanders, K. J. Allyn, D. S. Harrison, T. R. Myers, M. A. Ciol, E. C. Tsai. Preliminary investigation of residual-limb fluid volume changes within one day. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012; 49(10):1467-78.

44. K. Parker, R. L. Kirby, J. Adderson, K. Thompson. Ambulation of people with lower-limb amputations: relationship between capacity and performance measures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 91(4):543-9.

45. E. Ayyappa, D. Craig, E. Christensen, H. Worden. Infusing Cutting Edge Technology Into Everyday Orthotic and Prosthetic Clinical Care. J Prosth Orthot 2010; 22(1):2-10.

46. J. M. Stepien, S. Cavenett, L. Taylor, M. Crotty. Activity levels among lower-limb amputees: self-report versus step activity monitor. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88(7):896-900.

47. B. J. Hafner, L. L. Willingham, N. C. Buell, K. J. Allyn, D. G. Smith. Evaluation of function, performance, and preference as transfemoral amputees transition from mechanical to microprocessor control of the prosthetic knee. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88(2):207-17.

48. G. A. Carmona, A. Lacraz, M. Assal. [Walking activity in prosthesis-bearing lower-limb amputees]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 2007; 93(2):109-15.

49. G. K. Klute, J. S. Berge, M. S. Orendurff, R. M. Williams, J. M. Czerniecki. Prosthetic intervention effects on activity of lower-extremity amputees. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87(5):717-22.

50. R. V. Kanade, R. W. van Deursen, P. Price, K. Harding. Risk of plantar ulceration in diabetic patients with single-leg amputation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2006; 21(3):306-13.

51. R. V. Kanade, R. W. van Deursen, K. Harding, P. Price. Walking performance in people with diabetic neuropathy: benefits and threats. Diabetologia 2006; 49(8):1747-54.

52. J. S. Berge, J. M. Czerniecki, G. K. Klute. Efficacy of shock-absorbing versus rigid pylons for impact reduction in transtibial amputees based on laboratory, field, and outcome metrics. J Rehabil Res Dev 2005; 42(6):795-808.

53. K. L. Coleman, D. A. Boone, L. S. Laing, D. E. Mathews, D. G. Smith. Quantification of prosthetic outcomes: elastomeric gel liner with locking pin suspension versus polyethylene foam liner with neoprene sleeve suspension. J Rehabil Res Dev 2004; 41(4):591-602.

54. K. L. Coleman, D. G. Smith, D. A. Boone, A. W. Joseph, M. A. del Aguila. Step activity monitor: long-term, continuous recording of ambulatory function. J Rehabil Res Dev 1999; 36(1):8-18.

31. Rett syndrome [1-9]

1. M. Lotan, J. Downs, M. Stahlhut, A. Romano. Evaluation Tools Developed for Rett Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13(10).

2. M. Stahlhut, J. Downs, K. Wong, A. M. Bisgaard, E. Nordmark. Feasibility and Effectiveness of an Individualized 12-Week “Uptime” Participation (U-PART) Intervention in Girls and Women With Rett Syndrome. Phys Ther 2020; 100(1):168-179.

3. A. Romano, T. Capri, M. Semino, I. Bizzego, G. Di Rosa, R. A. Fabio. Gross Motor, Physical Activity and Musculoskeletal Disorder Evaluation Tools for Rett Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Dev Neurorehabil 2020; 23(8):485-501.

4. J. Downs, M. Lotan, C. Elefant, et al. Implementing telehealth support to increase physical activity in girls and women with Rett syndrome-ActivRett: protocol for a waitlist randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10(12):e042446.

5. M. Stahlhut, J. Downs, M. Aadahl, H. Leonard, A. M. Bisgaard, E. Nordmark. Patterns of sedentary time and ambulatory physical activity in a Danish population of girls and women with Rett syndrome. Disabil Rehabil 2017:1-9.

6. J. Downs, H. Leonard, K. Wong, N. Newton, K. Hill. Quantification of walking-based physical activity and sedentary time in individuals with Rett syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol 2017; 59(6):605-611.

7. L. Lor, K. Hill, P. Jacoby, H. Leonard, J. Downs. A validation study of a modified Bouchard activity record that extends the concept of ‘uptime’ to Rett syndrome. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 2015; 57(12):1137-1142.

8. J. Downs, H. Leonard, P. Jacoby, L. Brisco, G. Baikie, K. Hill. Rett syndrome: establishing a novel outcome measure for walking activity in an era of clinical trials for rare disorders. Disabil Rehabil 2015; 37(21):1992-6.

9. J. Downs, H. Leonard, K. Hill. Initial assessment of the StepWatch Activity Monitor to measure walking activity in Rett syndrome. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34(12):1010-1015.

32. Spina Bifida [1-4]

1. M. R. Lee, J. L. Hicks, T. A. L. Wren, S. L. Delp. Independently ambulatory children with spina bifida experience near-typical knee and ankle joint moments and forces during walking. Gait Posture 2023; 99:1-8.

2. S. A. Rethlefsen, M. A. Bent, N. M. Mueske, T. A. L. Wren. Relationships among classifications of impairment and measures of ambulatory function for children with spina bifida. Disabil Rehabil 2020:1-5.

3. B. Lullo, N. Mueske, C. Diamant, A. Van Speybroeck, D. Ryan, T. Wren. Predictors of walking activity in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019.

4. P. Yasmeh, N. M. Mueske, S. Yasmeh, D. D. Ryan, T. A. Wren. Walking activity during daily living in children with myelomeningocele. Disabil Rehabil 2016:1-6.

33. Spinal Cord Injury [1-12]

1. W. Stone, A. Wakeman, M. Garver, H. Strohmeyer. Using Biomechanics and Physiology to Offer New Insight on Activity Prescription after Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury. Ann Clin Case Rep 2021; 6:1996.

2. J. K. Lotter, C. E. Henderson, A. Plawecki, et al. Task-Specific Versus Impairment-Based Training on Locomotor Performance in Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Crossover Study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34(7):627-639.

3. M. M. Ardestani, C. E. Henderson, S. H. Salehi, G. B. Mahtani, B. D. Schmit, T. G. Hornby. Kinematic and Neuromuscular Adaptations in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury after High- versus Low-Intensity Locomotor Training. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36(12):2036-2044.

4. J. R. Perreault, P. R. Geigle, P. H. Gorman, W. H. Scott. Improvement in weight loss and ambulation outcomes after gastric sleeve surgery for a person with chronic motor-incomplete tetraplegia: clinical case report. Spinal Cord 2016; 54(9):750-3.

5. N. D. DiPiro, A. E. Embry, S. L. Fritz, A. Middleton, J. S. Krause, C. M. Gregory. Effects of aerobic exercise training on fitness and walking-related outcomes in ambulatory individuals with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2016; 54(9):675-81.

6. J. F. Yang, K. E. Musselman, D. Livingstone, et al. Repetitive Mass Practice or Focused Precise Practice for Retraining Walking After Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury? A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2013.

7. K. J. Nolan, M. Yarossi, A. Ramanujam. Measuring ambulation in adults with central neurologic disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2013; 24(2):247-63.

8. S. Ishikawa, S. L. Stevens, M. Kang, D. W. Morgan. Reliability of daily step activity monitoring in adults with incomplete spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2011; 48(10):1187-94.

9. P. Saraf, M. R. Rafferty, J. L. Moore, et al. Daily stepping in individuals with motor incomplete spinal cord injury. Phys Ther 2010; 90(2):224-35.

10. M. G. Bowden, E. M. Hannold, P. M. Nair, L. B. Fuller, A. L. Behrman. Beyond gait speed: a case report of a multidimensional approach to locomotor rehabilitation outcomes in incomplete spinal cord injury. J Neurol Phys Ther 2008; 32(3):129-38.

11. M. G. Bowden, A. L. Behrman. Step Activity Monitor: accuracy and test-retest reliability in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev 2007; 44(3):355-362.

12. A. L. Behrman, A. R. Lawless-Dixon, S. B. Davis, et al. Locomotor training progression and outcomes after incomplete spinal cord injury. Phys Ther 2005; 85(12):1356-1371.

34. Spinal Stenosis [1-3]

1. C. C. Tomkins-Lane, A. J. Haig. A review of activity monitors as a new technology for objectifying function in lumbar spinal stenosis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2012; 25(3):177-85.

2. C. C. Winter, M. Brandes, C. Muller, et al. Walking ability during daily life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or the hip and lumbar spinal stenosis: a cross sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010; 11:233.

3. T. L. Schulte, T. Schubert, C. Winter, et al. Step activity monitoring in lumbar stenosis patients undergoing decompressive surgery. Eur Spine J 2010; 19(11):1855-64.

35. Sports [1-4]

1. W. Stevens, Jr., F. Harlett, R. L. Wimberly, K. Tulchin-Francis. Potential limitations of measuring ambulatory activity of part-time wheelchair users: a comparative study of two research grade activity monitors. Physiol Meas 2023; 44(9).

2. B. Johnson, A. VanBelkum, J. Kraft. A Description of Physical Activity Outcomes during Beginning Curling. International Journal of Exercise Science 2018; 11(6):633-639.

3. C. Dellaserra, Y. Gao, L. Ransdell. Use of integrated technology in team sports: a review of opportunities, challenges, and future directions for athletes. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2014; 28(2):556-573.

4. M. S. Orendurff, J. D. Walker, M. Jovanovic, K. L. Tulchin, M. Levy, D. K. Hoffmann. Intensity and duration of intermittent exercise and recovery during a soccer match. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24(10):2683-92.

36. StepWatch Functional Level Algorithm (K-level) [1-6]

1. B. Godfrey, C. Duncan, T. Rosenbaum-Chou. Comparison of Self-Reported vs Objective Measures of Long-Term Community Ambulation in Lower Limb Prosthesis Users. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2022; 4(3):100220.

2. B. Godfrey, J. Berdan, M. Nuntapreda, T. R. Chou. The Accuracy and validity of Modus Trex activity monitor in determining functional level in veterans with transtibial amputations. JPO 2018; 30(1):20-30.

3. M. S. Orendurff, S. U. Raschke, L. Winder, D. Moe, D. A. Boone, T. Kobayashi. Functional level assessment of individuals with transtibial limb loss: Evaluation in the clinical setting versus objective community ambulatory activity. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 2016; 3:1-6.

4. M. S. Orendurff, T. Kobayashi, C. Q. Villarosa, K. L. Coleman, D. A. Boone. Comparison of a computerized algorithm and prosthetists’ judgment in rating functional levels based on daily step activity in transtibial amputees. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 2016; 3:1-8.

5. M. J. Highsmith, J. T. Kahle, M. M. Wernke, et al. Effects of the Genium Knee System on Functional Level, Stair Ambulation, Perceptive and Economic Outcomes in Transfemoral Amputees. Technol Innov 2016; 18(2-3):139-150.

6. S. U. Raschke, M. S. Orendurff, J. L. Mattie, et al. Biomechanical characteristics, patient preference and activity level with different prosthetic feet: a randomized double blind trial with laboratory and community testing. J Biomech 2015; 48(1):146-152.

37. Stroke [1-93]

1. N. K. Oliveira, L. Santos, G. C. D. Reis, N. D. Pereira. Reliability and validity of remote Life Space Assessment: LSA in persons with chronic stroke. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82(2):1-6.

2. S. Peters, S. B. Lim, M. T. Bayley, et al. Implementation of increased physical therapy intensity for improving walking after stroke: Walk ‘n watch protocol for a multisite stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Int J Stroke 2023; 18(1):117-122.

3. W. Nakano, S. Kobayashi, T. Maezawa, Y. Kohno. Longitudinal changes in physical activity accumulation patterns during 1-year follow-up in stroke survivors. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45(24):4094-4100.

4. B. Mischler, R. Hilfiker, M. Hund-Georgiadis, C. Maguire. Physical activity based on daily step-count in inpatient setting in stroke and traumatic brain injury patients in subacute stage: A cross-sectional observational study. NeuroRehabilitation 2023; 52(3):435-450.

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2. C. L. Fiems, M. Bales, S. Ganley, D. Michel, K. Rice, K. Silverman. Reliability of a recumbent stepper submaximal exercise test after traumatic brain injury. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 2021:1-9.

3. D. S. Kumar, D. S. Reisman, J. C. Galloway. Go baby go cafe: a case study on an immersive rehabilitation environment to improve functional outcomes and quality of life. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 40(19):2343-2350.

4. G. D. Fulk, S. A. Combs, K. A. Danks, C. D. Nirider, B. Raja, D. S. Reisman. Accuracy of 2 activity monitors in detecting steps in people with stroke and traumatic brain injury. Phys Ther 2014; 94(2):222-9.

5. J. E. Freund, D. M. Stetts. Continued recovery in an adult with cerebellar ataxia. Physiother Theory Pract 2013; 29(2):150-8.

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